The mechanism of the nucleo-sugar selection by multi-subunit RNA polymerases.

The mechanism of the nucleo-sugar selection by multi-subunit RNA polymerases.
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多亚基RNA聚合酶选择核糖的机制。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-21005-w
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发表时间:
2021-02-04
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Belogurov GA
Belogurov GA
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mäkinen JJ;Shin Y;Vieras E;Virta P;Metsä-Ketelä M;Murakami KS;Belogurov GA

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RNA聚合酶(RNAP)从NTPs合成RNA,而DNA聚合酶从2′dNTPs合成DNA。DNA聚合酶通过使用空间门来排除2′OH来选择NTP,但RNAP必须采用替代选择策略。在单亚基RNAP中,一个保守的Tyr残基对2′dNTPs具有歧视性,而多亚基RNAP的选择性机制至今仍不清楚。在这里,我们表明,保守的Arg残基使用双管齐下的策略来选择多亚基RNAP中的2′ dNTP。保守的Arg与2′OH基团相互作用以促进NTP结合,但通过与其3′OH基团相互作用以促进脱氧核糖部分的催化惰性2′-内构象而选择性地抑制2′ dNTP的掺入。这种变形行为是一个很好的例子,说明了对一个基质的主动选择,而这个基质是正确基质的一个亚结构。我们的研究结果为生物聚合物的进化起源和病毒RNAP选择性抑制剂的设计提供了重要的见解。RNA和DNA聚合酶需要有效地区分密切相关的核苷酸三磷酸底物。在这里,作者表明,保守的精氨酸残基是多亚基RNA聚合酶对脱氧核糖核苷底物的选择性的主要决定因素。
RNA polymerases (RNAPs) synthesize RNA from NTPs, whereas DNA polymerases synthesize DNA from 2′dNTPs. DNA polymerases select against NTPs by using steric gates to exclude the 2′OH, but RNAPs have to employ alternative selection strategies. In single-subunit RNAPs, a conserved Tyr residue discriminates against 2′dNTPs, whereas selectivity mechanisms of multi-subunit RNAPs remain hitherto unknown. Here, we show that a conserved Arg residue uses a two-pronged strategy to select against 2′dNTPs in multi-subunit RNAPs. The conserved Arg interacts with the 2′OH group to promote NTP binding, but selectively inhibits incorporation of 2′dNTPs by interacting with their 3′OH group to favor the catalytically-inert 2′-endo conformation of the deoxyribose moiety. This deformative action is an elegant example of an active selection against a substrate that is a substructure of the correct substrate. Our findings provide important insights into the evolutionary origins of biopolymers and the design of selective inhibitors of viral RNAPs. RNA and DNA polymerases need to discriminate efficiently against closely related nucleotide triphosphate substrates. Here, the authors show that a conserved Arg residue is the major determinant of selectivity against deoxyribonucleoside substrates by multisubunit RNA polymerases.
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