Introduction to the special issue on market socialism

Introduction to the special issue on market socialism
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市场社会主义特刊介绍

DOI:
10.1080/00346764.2021.1961012
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
1
通讯作者:
Gottfried Schweiger
Gottfried Schweiger
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hannes Kuch;Gottfried Schweiger

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社会主义思想似乎又回来了。鉴于过去十年的经济危机、右翼民粹主义和威权资本主义的兴起以及COVID-19大流行的社会和经济动荡,社会主义思想在政治哲学、经济学和政治辩论中谨慎地死灰复燃。这期特刊的目的是探讨社会主义争论的一个特殊方面,即在资本主义和没有任何市场的世界之间可能存在一个中间地带的观点:这是市场社会主义概念的核心,其目的是将市场的优势与社会主义的优势联合收割机结合起来。显然,不平等和不公正、经济剥削和苦难仍然深深地打在世界上。资本主义市场在这方面所起的作用,无论是对问题的贡献还是对解决问题的贡献,都是值得商榷的。市场社会主义在这里被定位为一种替代方案,市场社会主义本身绝不是一种新的发明,它可以在思想史上追溯到社会主义的起源。它在20世纪30年代引起了经济学的激烈争论,然后在20世纪80年代被引入主流政治哲学,当时分析马克思主义的一些代表对其进行了支持(Bardhan & Roemer,1993)。在柏林围墙倒塌和所谓的“实际存在的社会主义”崩溃的背景下,市场社会主义似乎提供了一个超越官僚国家计划和野蛮资本主义的现实选择。但这种希望最终只是一种幻想。相反,西方资本主义取得了胜利,新自由主义在世界各地盛行。由于哲学也是其时代条件在思想中的表达,因此社会主义和市场社会主义最近重新回到政治哲学的话语中也就不足为奇了。
The idea of socialism seems to be back. In light of the economic crises of the past decade, the rise of right-wing populism and authoritarian capitalism, and the social and economic turmoil of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a cautious resurgence of socialist ideas in political philosophy, economics, and political debate. The aim of this Special Issue is to take up one particular aspect of the debate about socialism, namely the idea that there might be a middle ground between capitalism and a world without any kind of markets: This is the core of the concept of market socialism, which aims to combine the advantages of markets with the advantages of socialism. Obviously, the world is still deeply marked by inequality and injustice, economic exploitation and misery. The role that capitalist markets play in this, whether they contribute to the problem or might also contribute to solutions, is quite debatable. Market socialism has been positioned here as an alternative.Market socialism itself is by no means a new invention; it can be traced back in the history of ideas to the beginnings of socialism. It caused heated debates in economics in the 1930s, and was then introduced into mainstream political philosophy in the course of the 1980s when some representatives of analytical Marxism argued in its favor (Bardhan & Roemer, 1993). In the context of the fall of the Berlin Wall and the crumbling of so-called ‘actually existing socialism,’market socialism seemed to offer a realistic alternative that went beyond bureaucratic state planning and untamed capitalism. But this hope turned out to be an illusion. Instead, Western capitalism triumphed, and neoliberalism prevailed across the world. Since philosophy is also the expression of the conditions of its time in ideas, it is not surprising that socialism and market socialism have recently found their way back into the discourse of political philosophy
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