Identification and classification of bacterial Type III toxin-antitoxin systems encoded in chromosomal and plasmid genomes.
Identification and classification of bacterial Type III toxin-antitoxin systems encoded in chromosomal and plasmid genomes.
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DOI：
10.1093/nar/gks231
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Salmond GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blower TR;Short FL;Rao F;Mizuguchi K;Pei XY;Fineran PC;Luisi BF;Salmond GP
Toxin–antitoxin systems are widespread in bacteria and archaea. They perform diverse functional roles, including the generation of persistence, maintenance of genetic loci and resistance to bacteriophages through abortive infection. Toxin–antitoxin systems have been divided into three types, depending on the nature of the interacting macromolecules. The recently discovered Type III toxin–antitoxin systems encode protein toxins that are inhibited by pseudoknots of antitoxic RNA, encoded by short tandem repeats upstream of the toxin gene. Recent studies have identified the range of Type I and Type II systems within current sequence databases. Here, structure-based homology searches were combined with iterative protein sequence comparisons to obtain a current picture of the prevalence of Type III systems. Three independent Type III families were identified, according to toxin sequence similarity. The three families were found to be far more abundant and widespread than previously known, with examples throughout the Firmicutes, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria. Functional assays confirmed that representatives from all three families act as toxin–antitoxin loci within Escherichia coli and at least two of the families confer resistance to bacteriophages. This study shows that active Type III toxin–antitoxin systems are far more diverse than previously known, and suggests that more remain to be identified.
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影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Fozo EM;Makarova KS;Shabalina SA;Yutin N;Koonin EV;Storz G
通讯作者：
Storz G
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Jorgensen, Mikkel G.;Pandey, Deo P.;Gerdes, Kenn
通讯作者：
Gerdes, Kenn
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Kersey, P;Bower, L;Apweiler, R
通讯作者：
Apweiler, R
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808832106
发表时间：
2009-01-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fineran, Peter C.;Blower, Tim R.;Salmond, George P. C.
通讯作者：
Salmond, George P. C.
新型克隆载体的构建和特性分析 2. 多用途克隆系统
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
BOLIVAR, F;RODRIGUEZ, RL;FALKOW, S
通讯作者：
FALKOW, S