The Influence of Second Language Experience and Accent Familiarity on Oral Proficiency Rating: A Qualitative Investigation
The Influence of Second Language Experience and Accent Familiarity on Oral Proficiency Rating: A Qualitative Investigation
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第二语言经验和口音熟悉程度对口语熟练程度的影响：定性调查
DOI：
10.1002/tesq.73
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
S. Gass
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paula M. Winke;S. Gass
本研究旨在探讨评分员的母语知识是否会影响他们对口语评分的定位。作者定性地研究了口音熟悉度对评分员评分过程的影响。二十六名受过训练的第二语言为普通话、韩语或西班牙语的评分员对来自三种第一语言背景（普通话、韩语和西班牙语）的72名英语学习者的英语语音样本进行了评分。之后，评分员观看自己评分的视频，并讨论他们的评分过程。借助定性分析软件QSR NVivo 8对数据进行分析，发现部分评分者关注并受考生口音和母语的影响。传统语言学习者的评分员讨论了他们的个人传统地位如何影响他们对L1与他们的传统语言相匹配的说话者的语音样本的看法。尽管在评分过程中对考生口音的敏感性似乎是自然发生的，但研究结果表明，当评分者在不同程度上学习或了解考生的母语时，他们往往会以一种有偏见的方式将自己定位在演讲中，从而影响测试的可靠性。
This study investigates whether raters' knowledge of test takers' first language (L1) affects how the raters orient themselves to the task of rating oral speech. The authors qualitatively investigated the effects of accent familiarity on raters' score assignment processes. Twenty-six trained raters with a second language of Mandarin Chinese, Korean, or Spanish rated English speech samples from 72 English language learners from three L1 backgrounds (Mandarin Chinese, Korean, and Spanish). Afterward, raters watched videos of themselves rating and discussed their rating processes. Analyses of data, assisted by the qualitative analysis software package QSR NVivo 8, revealed that some raters attended to and were influenced by test-taker accent and L1. Raters who were heritage language learners discussed how their personal heritage status influenced how they thought about the speech samples from speakers whose L1 matched their heritage language. Although sensitivity to test-taker accents seemed to occur naturally in the rating process, findings suggest that when raters have learned or know, to varying degrees, the test takers' L1, they tend to orient themselves to the speech in a biased way, compromising test reliability.
西班牙口音语音系统变化的感知学习。
DOI：
10.1121/1.3101452
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sidaras,SabrinaK;Alexander,JessicaED;Nygaard,LynneC
通讯作者：
Nygaard,LynneC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bent, T;Bradlow, AR
通讯作者：
Bradlow, AR