The malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster: a novel phenotype for studies of fluid secretion and its control.
The malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster: a novel phenotype for studies of fluid secretion and its control.
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黑腹果蝇的马氏小管：一种用于研究液体分泌及其控制的新表型。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kim Kaiser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julian A. T. Dow;S. Maddrell;Andreas Görtz;N. J. Skaer;Scott Brogan;Kim Kaiser
长期以来，昆虫肾脏(马氏管)一直是研究液体分泌及其神经激素控制的模型系统(Maddrell，1981；Maddrell和O‘Donnell，1992)。经典生理学提出了一种大多数昆虫等渗液的管状分泌模型，在该模型中，离子被认为是通过一系列离子通道(Na+，K+和Cl2)或通过布美他尼敏感的Na+/K+/2Cl2共同运输进入碱性的。顶端通量由质膜H+泵V-ATPase提供能量，通过一个或多个交换器驱动Na+或K+的分泌，其中至少有一个是对阿米洛利敏感的，似乎与脊椎动物的Na+/H+交换器非常相似(Maddrell和O‘Donnell，1992)。Cl2可能通过顶端Cl2通道被动地跟随。水跟随主要离子，血淋巴溶质通过细胞旁途径被动地扩散到小管壁上。某些代谢物或毒素也有跨细胞的主动转运过程，如酰胺(Maddrell等人。和植物生物碱(Maddrell，1976；O‘Donnell等人)。1983年)。为了超越经典生理学技术对离子转运的研究，有必要采用分子遗传学的方法，在分子遗传学方法中，相关基因被识别、表征和突变。然而，对任何脊椎动物上皮中负责刺激-分泌途径的主要基因的广义分子遗传解剖仍然是一项艰巨的任务，因为可用的遗传工具相对简单。受到先前关于较大但遗传图谱较差的果蝇的生理工作的鼓舞(Bertram等人)。1991年；韦辛和艾歇尔伯格，1978年；韦辛等人。1987)，我们研究了将所建立的小管分泌试验用于研究果蝇幼虫和成虫的小管的可行性。结果(1)表明这些马氏管，到
The insect renal (Malpighian) tubule has long been a model system for the study of fluid secretion and its neurohormonal control (Maddrell, 1981; Maddrell and O’Donnell, 1992). Classical physiology suggests a model for tubular secretion of iso-osmotic fluid in most insects, in which ions are thought to enter basally either through a series of ion channels (Na+, K+ and Cl2) or through a bumetanide-sensitive Na+/K+/2Cl2 cotransport. Apical fluxes are energised by a plasma-membrane H+-pumping V-ATPase, driving secretion of Na+ or K+ through one or more exchangers, at least one of which is amiloride-sensitive and appears to be closely similar to the Na+/H+ exchanger of vertebrates (Maddrell and O’Donnell, 1992). Cl2 follows passively, perhaps through apical Cl2 channels. Water follows the major ions, and haemolymph solutes diffuse across the tubule wall passively via a paracellular route. There are also transcellular active transport processes for certain metabolites or toxins, such as acylamides (Maddrell et al. 1974) and plant alkaloids (Maddrell, 1976; O’Donnell et al. 1983). To extend studies of ion transport beyond that revealed by the techniques of classical physiology, it is necessary to adopt a molecular genetic approach, in which the relevant genes are identified, characterised and mutated. However, the generalised molecular genetic dissection of the major genes responsible for a stimulus–secretion pathway in any vertebrate epithelium remains a daunting task, as the genetic tools available are relatively unsophisticated. Encouraged by previous physiological work on the larger, but less well genetically mapped, Drosophila hydei (Bertram et al. 1991; Wessing and Eichelberg, 1978; Wessing et al. 1987), we have investigated the feasibility of adapting the established tubule secretion assay to the study of tubules of larval and adult Drosophila melanogaster. The results (i) demonstrate that these Malpighian tubules, to
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.85.21.7972
发表时间：
1988-11-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
BOWMAN, EJ;SIEBERS, A;ALTENDORF, K
通讯作者：
ALTENDORF, K