Three microtubule severing enzymes contribute to the "Pacman-flux" machinery that moves chromosomes.

Three microtubule severing enzymes contribute to the "Pacman-flux" machinery that moves chromosomes.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200612011
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发表时间:
2007-04-23
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sharp DJ
Sharp DJ
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang D;Rogers GC;Buster DW;Sharp DJ

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染色体通过与微管解聚相关的Pacman通量机制向有丝分裂纺锤体极移动:染色体主动解聚附着的微管正端(Pacman),同时通过负端解聚(通量)驱动的微管蛋白亚基的持续向极流动被卷入纺锤体极。我们报告说,Pacman通量在果蝇纳入三种不同的微管切断酶,Spastin,Fidgetin,Katanin的活动。Spastin和Fidgetin用于刺激微管负端解聚和通量。这两种蛋白质都集中在中心体,在那里它们催化γ-微管蛋白的周转,这与它们通过从负端释放稳定的γ-微管蛋白环复合物来发挥影响的假设一致。相反,Katanin似乎主要作用于后期染色体,在那里它刺激微管加末端解聚和基于Pacman的染色单体运动。总的来说,这些发现揭示了纺锤体内微管断裂的新颖而重要的作用,并拓宽了我们对用于移动染色体的分子机制的理解。
Chromosomes move toward mitotic spindle poles by a Pacman-flux mechanism linked to microtubule depolymerization: chromosomes actively depolymerize attached microtubule plus ends (Pacman) while being reeled in to spindle poles by the continual poleward flow of tubulin subunits driven by minus-end depolymerization (flux). We report that Pacman-flux in Drosophila melanogaster incorporates the activities of three different microtubule severing enzymes, Spastin, Fidgetin, and Katanin. Spastin and Fidgetin are utilized to stimulate microtubule minus-end depolymerization and flux. Both proteins concentrate at centrosomes, where they catalyze the turnover of γ-tubulin, consistent with the hypothesis that they exert their influence by releasing stabilizing γ-tubulin ring complexes from minus ends. In contrast, Katanin appears to function primarily on anaphase chromosomes, where it stimulates microtubule plus-end depolymerization and Pacman-based chromatid motility. Collectively, these findings reveal novel and significant roles for microtubule severing within the spindle and broaden our understanding of the molecular machinery used to move chromosomes.
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