Exhaled air dispersion during oxygen delivery via a simple oxygen mask.
Exhaled air dispersion during oxygen delivery via a simple oxygen mask.
复制标题
通过简单的氧气掩模在氧气输送过程中呼出的空气分散体。
作者：
Hui DS;Hall SD;Chan MT;Chow BK;Ng SS;Gin T;Sung JJ
流感等肺炎病毒可能通过空气传播。我们研究了通过一个简单的氧气面罩适用于人类病人模拟器（HPS）在不同的氧气流量输送过程中，在一个房间的空气流的呼出空气的分散。HPS代表了一名70 kg的成年男性个体，在倾斜45°的病床上采取半坐姿。一个简单的氧气面罩以正常方式安装在HPS上。HPS的头部、颈部和内部气道被配置为允许气道中和面部周围的真实气流建模。HPS被编程为以14次呼吸/min的呼吸速率呼吸，潮气量为0.5 L。用肺内烟雾标记气流以便可视化。通过激光片光揭示了泄漏喷流羽流，并通过高分辨率视频捕获了图像。从烟雾颗粒散射的总光强度估计呼出的羽流中的烟雾浓度。在以4、6、8和10 L/min分别输送氧气期间，空气射流通过简单氧气面罩的侧通风口泄漏到距矢状面0.2、0.22、0.3和0.4 m的横向距离。咳嗽可使扩散距离超过0.4 m。大量暴露于呼出空气通常发生在距离通过简单面罩接受补充氧气的患者0.4 m范围内。卫生保健工作者在管理病因不明的社区获得性肺炎并发呼吸衰竭的患者时应采取预防措施。
Pneumonia viruses such as influenza may potentially spread by airborne transmission. We studied the dispersion of exhaled air through a simple oxygen mask applied to a human patient simulator (HPS) during the delivery of different oxygen flow in a room free of air currents. The HPS represented a 70-kg adult male individual in a semi-sitting position on a hospital bed inclined at 45°. A simple oxygen mask was fitted to the HPS in the normal fashion. The head, neck, and internal airways of the HPS were configured to allow realistic airflow modeling in the airways and around the face. The HPS was programmed to breathe at a respiratory rate of 14 breaths/min with a tidal volume of 0.5 L. Airflow was marked with intrapulmonary smoke for visualization. A leakage jet plume was revealed by a laser light-sheet, and images were captured by high-resolution video. Smoke concentration in the exhaled plume was estimated from the total light intensity scattered by smoke particles. A jet plume of air leaked through the side vents of the simple oxygen mask to lateral distances of 0.2, 0.22, 0.3, and 0.4 m from the sagittal plane during the delivery of oxygen at 4, 6, 8, and 10 L/min, respectively. Coughing could extend the dispersion distance beyond 0.4 m. Substantial exposure to exhaled air occurs generally within 0.4 m from patients receiving supplemental oxygen via a simple mask. Health-care workers should take precautions when managing patients with community-acquired pneumonia of unknown etiology that is complicated by respiratory failure.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Booth, TF;Kournikakis, B;Plummer, F
通讯作者：
Plummer, F
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
LANGER, G;RADNIK, JL
通讯作者：
RADNIK, JL
影响因子：
10
作者：
Man, Shin Yan;Lee, Nelson;Rainer, Timothy H.
通讯作者：
Rainer, Timothy H.
影响因子：
10
作者：
Lim, WS;van der Eerden, MM;Macfarlane, JT
通讯作者：
Macfarlane, JT
影响因子：
6
作者：
Good, ML
通讯作者：
Good, ML