Self-organization at the first stage of honeycomb construction: Analysis of an attachment-excavation model.
Self-organization at the first stage of honeycomb construction: Analysis of an attachment-excavation model.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0205353
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Osaki K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Narumi T;Uemichi K;Honda H;Osaki K
蜜蜂建造由规则排列的六角形圆柱体组成的巢。在蜂巢建造的第一阶段，他们建造了一个线性序列的四足结构，形成了蜂巢的基础。然而，考虑到蜜蜂的生理局限性，尚不清楚蜜蜂是如何产生这种初始模式的。在这里，为了理解蜂巢构建的机理，我们提出了一个基于主体的模型，即附着-挖掘模型，在该模型中，工蜂被分为分泌和附着蜡的采集者和摘除附着的蜡的挖掘者。该模型假设工人本能地避免挖掘蜡团的细小部分。然后，我们进行二维(2D)模拟，展示如何将三脚架图案视为四脚架在平面上的投影。仿真结果表明，三脚架格局是由于采掘机和采掘机之间的竞争而形成的。随着时间的推移，各向同性的蜡生长导致三脚架平面连接。由于均匀加宽的结构与自然梳子的结构不匹配，我们使用各向异性蜡生长来获得构建的三脚架的线性序列，因此表明各向异性是蜂窝结构第一阶段的重要贡献因素。从我们的模拟结果中，我们得出结论，蜜蜂在蜂巢建造的第一阶段利用自组织来实现复杂性。预计我们的研究结果将提供关于如何在一个等级中实现复杂性的见解。
Honeybees construct nests that consist of regularly arrayed hexagonal cylinders. In the first stage of honeycomb construction, they build a linear sequence of tetrapod structures that form the basis of the comb. However, considering their physiological limitations, it is unknown how honeybees produce that initial pattern. Herein, in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of honeycomb construction, we propose an agent-based model, the attachment-excavation model, in which worker honeybees are classified into attachers who secrete and attach wax, and excavators who excise the attached wax. The model assumes that workers instinctively refrain from digging through the thin parts of a wax cluster. We then conduct two-dimensional (2D) simulations that show how a tripod pattern can be seen as a projection of tetrapods onto a plane. The simulation results show that the tripod pattern emerges due to competition between the attachers and excavators. As time advances, the isotropic wax growth causes the tripods to connect planarly. Because the homogeneously broadened structures do not match that of a natural comb, we employ anisotropic wax growth to obtain a linear sequence of constructed tripods, thus suggesting that anisotropy is a significant contributor to the first stage of honeycomb construction. From our simulation results, we conclude that honeybees utilize self-organization to achieve complexity during the first stage of honeycomb construction. It is anticipated that the results of our study will provide insights into how complexity can be achieved within a hierarchy.
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