Single-molecule and ensemble methods to probe RNP nucleation and condensate properties.

Single-molecule and ensemble methods to probe RNP nucleation and condensate properties.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.02.012
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发表时间:
2022-01
期刊:
Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Myong S
Myong S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rhine K;Skanchy S;Myong S

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生物分子凝聚体通常由本质上无序的蛋白质和RNA分子组成,它们共同促进细胞中无膜细胞器的形成。凝析油的成核、冷凝和成熟是一个关键但知之甚少的过程。在这里,我们提出了单分子和伴随的系综方法来更全面地量化这些过程。特别是,我们专注于如何正确地设计和执行单分子成核实验,在该实验中,我们检测来自与RNA底物相关联的荧光标记的RNA结合蛋白的单个单位的信号。通过对这些数据的分析,可以确定成核的每一步所涉及的动力学。与测量核糖核蛋白缩合物生物物理性质的中尺度技术相补充,本文描述的方法是可用于研究任何经历相分离的蛋白质-RNA相互作用的强大工具。
Biomolecular condensates often consist of intrinsically disordered protein and RNA molecules, which together promote the formation of membraneless organelles in cells. The nucleation, condensation, and maturation of condensates is a critical yet poorly understood process. Here, we present single-molecule and accompanying ensemble methods to quantify these processes more comprehensively. In particular, we focus on how to properly design and execute a single-molecule nucleation assay, in which we detect signals arising from individual units of fluorescently labeled RNA-binding proteins associating with an RNA substrate. The analysis of this data allows one to determine the kinetics involved with each step of nucleation. Complemented with meso-scale techniques that measure the biophysical properties of ribonucleoprotein condensates, the methods described herein are powerful tools that can be adopted for studying any protein-RNA interactions that undergo phase separation.
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