Aquaporin Activity to Improve Crop Drought Tolerance.

Aquaporin Activity to Improve Crop Drought Tolerance.
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水通道活性以提高作物耐受性。

DOI:
10.3390/cells7090123
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发表时间:
2018-08-29
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Sinclair TR
Sinclair TR
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shekoofa A;Sinclair TR

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在植物中,水通道蛋白 (AQP) 以多种亚型存在于质膜和液泡膜中,从而调节进出细胞的水流,并最终通过叶和根中的一系列细胞进行水转移。因此,生理学和分子研究发现 AQP 在调节根和叶的水力传导方面发挥着关键作用,这并不奇怪。因此,AQP 的活性影响一系列生理过程,包括韧皮部负荷、木质部水分排出、气孔孔径和气体交换。 AQP 对植物水力传导的影响对于调节植物蒸腾速率特别重要,特别是在土壤缺水胁迫和大气蒸气压赤字 (VPD) 升高的条件下。在这篇综述中,我们研究了 AQP 活性和水力导度对作物用水的影响,并鉴定了由于这些性状而表达土壤水分保持的基因型。这项研究的一个重要成果是用于旱地生产系统的花生 (Arachishypogaea L.)、玉米 (Zea mays L.) 和大豆 (Glycine max (Merr) L.) 品种的鉴定和商业化。
In plants, aquaporins (AQP) occur in multiple isoforms in both plasmalemma and tonoplast membranes resulting in regulation of water flow in and out of cells, and ultimately, water transfer through a series of cells in leaves and roots. Consequently, it is not surprising that physiological and molecular studies have identified AQPs as playing key roles in regulating hydraulic conductance in roots and leaves. As a result, the activity of AQPs influences a range of physiological processes including phloem loading, xylem water exit, stomatal aperture and gas exchange. The influence of AQPs on hydraulic conductance in plants is particularly important in regulating plant transpiration rate, particularly under conditions of developing soil water-deficit stress and elevated atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD). In this review, we examine the impact of AQP activity and hydraulic conductance on crop water use and the identification of genotypes that express soil water conservation as a result of these traits. An important outcome of this research has been the identification and commercialization of cultivars of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and soybean (Glycine max (Merr) L.) for dry land production systems.
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