GUEST EDITORIAL: Synthetic biology: making biology into an engineering discipline
GUEST EDITORIAL: Synthetic biology: making biology into an engineering discipline
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客座社论：合成生物学：使生物学成为一门工程学科
DOI：
10.1080/19378629.2013.763647
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Schyfter P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schyfter P
在本期特刊中，我们希望与《工程研究》的读者就合成生物学这一新兴领域展开对话。尽管名称为合成生物学，但该领域从业者的指导目标是通过将工程原理和实践从更成熟的工程领域引入生物技术领域，将生物学转变为一门工程学科。关于合成生物学的批评性文献越来越多，但还没有实质性地涉及到工程研究。这组论文力求在我们所看到的科学研究和工程研究之间的空白中出现的一个有趣的空间中，为反思和实证调查开辟一系列问题。“合成生物学”一词可以追溯到20世纪初2，但在过去的10-15年里，人们一致试图围绕如何与生物学合作的特定理解建立一门新学科。尽管实践者和观察者都以捕捉各种研究轨迹的方式提到合成生物学，但主要的观点——也是我们在这篇论文集中的重点——严重依赖于现有的工程，将合成生物学定义为“新的生物部件、设备和系统的设计和构建”，以及“为了有用的目的而重新设计现有的自然生物系统”。合成生物学的支持者将他们的工作与过去40年来发展起来的基因工程方法区分开来，他们通常将基因工程描述为一种特殊的、类似工艺的实践，而不是“适当的”工程。合成生物学家将自己定位为建立一个企业，将在基因工程失败的地方发挥作用。这种与既定科学的隔阂有助于界定合成生物学，并主张其新颖性。它还可以作为战斗口号和使命宣言：合成生物学将“使生物学更容易被设计”。
With this special issue, we hope to open up a conversation with readers of Engineering Studies about the emerging field of synthetic biology. Despite the name synthetic biology, the guiding ambition of practitioners in this field is to turn biology into an engineering discipline by bringing engineering principles and practices from more established fields of engineering into the world of biotechnology. 1 There is a rich and growing body of critical literature on synthetic biology, but it has yet to engage substantially with engineering studies. This collection of papers strives to open up a set of questions for reflection and empirical investigation in what we see as an intriguing space emerging in the interstices between science studies and engineering studies.The term ‘synthetic biology’can be traced back to the early twentieth century, 2 but the past 10–15 years have seen a concerted attempt to forge a new discipline around a particular understanding of how to work with biology. 3 Although practitioners and observers alike refer to synthetic biology in ways that capture a variety of research trajectories, 4 the dominant strand–and our focus in this collection of papers–draws heavily on existing engineering, defining synthetic biology as ‘the design and construction of new biological parts, devices, and systems’, and ‘the re-design of existing, natural biological systems for useful purposes’. 5 Proponents of synthetic biology distinguish their work from the genetic engineering methods that have been developed over the past 40 years and typically describe genetic engineering as an ad hoc, craft-like practice, rather than ‘proper’engineering. 6 Synthetic biologists position themselves as building an enterprise that will deliver where genetic engineering has failed. This estrangement from established science serves to demarcate synthetic biology and assert its novelty. It also works as a rallying cry and mission statement: synthetic biology will ‘make biology easier to engineer.’
让生物学更容易设计
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
P. Silver
通讯作者：
P. Silver
生物电路的标准零件清单
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Arkin;D. Endy
通讯作者：
D. Endy