Nutrient supply and mercury dynamics in marine ecosystems: a conceptual model.
Nutrient supply and mercury dynamics in marine ecosystems: a conceptual model.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2012.05.002
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Lamborg, Carl H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Driscoll, Charles T.;Chen, Celia Y.;Hammerschmidt, Chad R.;Mason, Robert P.;Gilmour, Cynthia C.;Sunderland, Elsie M.;Greenfield, Ben K.;Buckman, Kate L.;Lamborg, Carl H.
人们越来越关注汞 (Hg) 输入对海洋生态系统的影响。评估这些影响的挑战之一是汞的循环和营养转移与其他污染物和干扰密切相关。除了汞之外，沿海水域面临的一个主要问题是养分增加的影响，特别是氮 (N) 输入的影响。养分负荷的增加会改变沿海生态系统，从而改变汞的运输、转化和归宿，包括有机碳固定和沉积物沉积的增加、沉积物氧化还原状态的降低以及鱼类栖息地的变化。在本文中，我们提出了一个概念模型，该模型表明海洋生态系统中活性氮负荷的增加可能会改变汞动态，降低生物利用度和营养转移。该概念模型最适用于沿海水域，但也可能与远洋有关。我们提供来自案例研究的信息，这些信息既支持又挑战这一概念模型，包括跨营养梯度的海洋观测；远洋和沿海生态系统营养-营养转移汞模型的结果；美国东北部沿海沉积物中汞形态和营养物的观测；以及不同营养负荷下河口鱼类汞浓度的分析。这些案例研究表明，养分负荷的变化会影响沿海和公海生态系统的汞动态。不幸的是，没有一个案例研究是全面的。每个仅涉及概念模型的一部分并且有局限性。尽管如此，我们的概念模型具有重要的管理意义。由于营养物质输入量增加，发达地区附近的许多河口受到损害。人们正在广泛努力控制氮负荷并恢复沿海生态系统功能。营养控制措施的一个意想不到的后果可能是加剧与汞污染相关的问题。需要进行更多的重点研究和监测，以严格审查营养物供应与海水汞污染之间的联系。
There is increasing interest and concern over the impacts of mercury (Hg) inputs to marine ecosystems. One of the challenges in assessing these effects is that the cycling and trophic transfer of Hg are strongly linked to other contaminants and disturbances. In addition to Hg, a major problem facing coastal waters is the impacts of elevated nutrient, particularly nitrogen (N), inputs. Increases in nutrient loading alter coastal ecosystems in ways that should change the transport, transformations and fate of Hg, including increases in fixation of organic carbon and deposition to sediments, decreases in the redox status of sediments and changes in fish habitat. In this paper we present a conceptual model which suggests that increases in loading of reactive N to marine ecosystems might alter Hg dynamics, decreasing bioavailabilty and trophic transfer. This conceptual model is most applicable to coastal waters, but may also be relevant to the pelagic ocean. We present information from case studies that both support and challenge this conceptual model, including marine observations across a nutrient gradient; results of a nutrient-trophic transfer Hg model for pelagic and coastal ecosystems; observations of Hg species, and nutrients from coastal sediments in the northeastern U.S.; and an analysis of fish Hg concentrations in estuaries under different nutrient loadings. These case studies suggest that changes in nutrient loading can impact Hg dynamics in coastal and open ocean ecosystems. Unfortunately none of the case studies is comprehensive; each only addresses a portion of the conceptual model and has limitations. Nevertheless, our conceptual model has important management implications. Many estuaries near developed areas are impaired due to elevated nutrient inputs. Widespread efforts are underway to control N loading and restore coastal ecosystem function. An unintended consequence of nutrient control measures could be to exacerbate problems associated with Hg contamination. Additional focused research and monitoring are needed to critically examine the link between nutrient supply and Hg contamination of marine waters.
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影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Benoit, JM;Gilmour, CC;Mason, RP
通讯作者：
Mason, RP
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
COMPEAU, GC;BARTHA, R
通讯作者：
BARTHA, R
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Adams, Douglas H.;Sonne, Christian;Jensen, Asger L.
通讯作者：
Jensen, Asger L.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Benoit, JM;Mason, RP;Gilmour, CC
通讯作者：
Gilmour, CC
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Chen, Celia Y.;Dionne, Michele;Mayes, Brandon M.;Ward, Darren M.;Sturup, Stefan;Jackson, Brian P.
通讯作者：
Jackson, Brian P.