Species bias and spillover effects in scientific research on Carnivora in China.

Species bias and spillover effects in scientific research on Carnivora in China.
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中国食肉目科学研究的物种偏见和溢出效应

DOI:
10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2021.033
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发表时间:
2021-05-18
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Zhang L
Zhang L
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang ZN;Yang L;Fan PF;Zhang L

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科学研究为保护濒危物种提供了重要信息。研究不足导致的数据不足阻碍了保护计划的设计,研究偏见可能会错误地将有限的资源用于生物多样性低的地区或受威胁较小的物种。在这里,我们对中国食肉动物的已发表论文、赠款和研究生培训进行了系统回顾,以确定物种偏见和研究空白。此外,我们收集了食肉动物的内在和外在特征,并使用广义线性模型确定了影响研究强度的特征。我们发现,2000年后,食肉动物的研究量明显增加,但物种偏见存在。熊和大型猫科动物受到最大的研究关注,而大多数中小型食肉动物很少受到关注,因此显示了80-20现象。具有较高特有性和受中国法律保护的物种受到更多的考虑。作为中国动物保护的标志,大熊猫吸引了超过50%的食肉动物研究资源。但是,大熊猫也表现出溢出效应,即,研究大熊猫的博士后毕业生在毕业后将研究重点转移到其他物种,这可能有助于提高对其他物种的研究。因此,建议加大对非重点物种的研究力度,培养更多的研究生,加强学术交流,以提高食肉目动物的研究和保护水平。如果不采取这些行动,许多食肉动物物种将继续缺乏数据和受到威胁。
Scientific research provides essential information for conservation of threatened species. Data deficiency due to insufficient research impedes the design of conservation plans, and research bias may mistakenly direct limited resources to low biodiversity regions or less threatened species. Here, we conducted a systematic review of published papers, grants, and graduate student training on carnivorans in China to identify species bias and research gaps. Furthermore, we collected intrinsic and extrinsic features of carnivorans, and identified features that impact research intensity using generalized linear models. We found that the amount of research on carnivorans increased markedly after 2000, but species bias existed. Bears and big cats received the greatest research attention, while most small- and medium-sized carnivorans received little attention, thus showing the 80–20 phenomenon. Species with a higher level of endemism and protection under Chinese law received more consideration. As an animal conservation icon in China, the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) attracted more than 50% of overall carnivoran research resources. However, the giant panda also showed spillover effects, i.e., post-doctoral graduates who studied the giant panda shifted their research focus to other species after graduation, which may help improve research on other species. Thus, to improve and strengthen Carnivora research and conservation, we suggest investing greater effort in species of less concern, training of more graduate students, and reinforcing academic exchange. If such actions are not taken, many carnivoran species will continue being data deficient and threatened.
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5388.473
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