Distinct vascular endothelial growth factor signals for lymphatic vessel enlargement and sprouting.

Distinct vascular endothelial growth factor signals for lymphatic vessel enlargement and sprouting.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20062642
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发表时间:
2007-06-11
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alitalo K
Alitalo K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wirzenius M;Tammela T;Uutela M;He Y;Odorisio T;Zambruno G;Nagy JA;Dvorak HF;Ylä-Herttuala S;Shibuya M;Alitalo K

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淋巴管生长或淋巴管生成受血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)和-D通过血管内皮生长因子受体3(VEGFR-3)调节。最近的研究表明,不与VEGFR-3结合的血管内皮生长因子也可以通过未知的机制诱导淋巴管生成。为了分析触发VEGFR-3非依赖性淋巴管生成的受体途径,我们分别使用了VEGFR-1和-2的特异性激活剂胎盘生长因子(PlGF)和血管内皮生长因子-E(VEGF-E)的转基因和腺病毒过表达。与PlGF不同的是,当通过腺病毒载体转导到小鼠皮肤中时,VEGF-E诱导了环状淋巴管的增殖,但基本上没有新的血管萌发。这种作用不能被阻断血管内皮生长因子-C和-D所抑制。在皮肤中表达血管内皮生长因子-E的转基因小鼠中,也检测到出生后淋巴管增生,但没有增加淋巴管密度,而在表达PlGF的小鼠中则没有。令人惊讶的是,在转基因胚胎中,血管内皮生长因子-C和血管内皮生长因子-D被阻断后,血管内皮生长因子-E在出生后即可诱导淋巴管的增殖,但并不能挽救淋巴管的丢失。我们的数据表明,VEGFR-2信号促进淋巴管扩大,但与血管不同,VEGFR-2信号不参与体内新生淋巴管的萌发。
Lymphatic vessel growth, or lymphangiogenesis, is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and -D via VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR-3). Recent studies suggest that VEGF, which does not bind to VEGFR-3, can also induce lymphangiogenesis through unknown mechanisms. To dissect the receptor pathway that triggers VEGFR-3–independent lymphangiogenesis, we used both transgenic and adenoviral overexpression of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and VEGF-E, which are specific activators of VEGFR-1 and -2, respectively. Unlike PlGF, VEGF-E induced circumferential lymphatic vessel hyperplasia, but essentially no new vessel sprouting, when transduced into mouse skin via adenoviral vectors. This effect was not inhibited by blocking VEGF-C and -D. Postnatal lymphatic hyperplasia, without increased density of lymphatic vessels, was also detected in transgenic mice expressing VEGF-E in the skin, but not in mice expressing PlGF. Surprisingly, VEGF-E induced lymphatic hyperplasia postnatally, and it did not rescue the loss of lymphatic vessels in transgenic embryos where VEGF-C and VEGF-D were blocked. Our data suggests that VEGFR-2 signals promote lymphatic vessel enlargement, but unlike in the blood vessels, are not involved in vessel sprouting to generate new lymphatic vessels in vivo.
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