Distinct vascular endothelial growth factor signals for lymphatic vessel enlargement and sprouting.
Distinct vascular endothelial growth factor signals for lymphatic vessel enlargement and sprouting.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20062642
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发表时间:
2007-06-11
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alitalo K
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wirzenius M;Tammela T;Uutela M;He Y;Odorisio T;Zambruno G;Nagy JA;Dvorak HF;Ylä-Herttuala S;Shibuya M;Alitalo K
Lymphatic vessel growth, or lymphangiogenesis, is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) and -D via VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR-3). Recent studies suggest that VEGF, which does not bind to VEGFR-3, can also induce lymphangiogenesis through unknown mechanisms. To dissect the receptor pathway that triggers VEGFR-3–independent lymphangiogenesis, we used both transgenic and adenoviral overexpression of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and VEGF-E, which are specific activators of VEGFR-1 and -2, respectively. Unlike PlGF, VEGF-E induced circumferential lymphatic vessel hyperplasia, but essentially no new vessel sprouting, when transduced into mouse skin via adenoviral vectors. This effect was not inhibited by blocking VEGF-C and -D. Postnatal lymphatic hyperplasia, without increased density of lymphatic vessels, was also detected in transgenic mice expressing VEGF-E in the skin, but not in mice expressing PlGF. Surprisingly, VEGF-E induced lymphatic hyperplasia postnatally, and it did not rescue the loss of lymphatic vessels in transgenic embryos where VEGF-C and VEGF-D were blocked. Our data suggests that VEGFR-2 signals promote lymphatic vessel enlargement, but unlike in the blood vessels, are not involved in vessel sprouting to generate new lymphatic vessels in vivo.
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