Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Environmental Air Quality and Its Relationship with Seasonal Climatic Conditions in Eastern China during 2015-2018.
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Environmental Air Quality and Its Relationship with Seasonal Climatic Conditions in Eastern China during 2015-2018.
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2015—2018年中国东部地区环境空气质量时空特征及其与季节气候的关系
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph18094524
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发表时间：
2021-04-24
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Z;Shi X;Pan C;Wang S
探讨大尺度环境空气质量与气候条件的关系，有助于更好地了解我国环境空气质量的主要分布特征和作用机制，对区域大气污染联防联控政策的实施具有重要意义。在这项研究中，我们使用了六种常规空气污染物的浓度，即，一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化硫（SO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）、细颗粒物（PM2.5）、粗颗粒物（PM10）和臭氧（O3），来自2015年1月至2018年12月中国东部（EC）约1300个监测点。利用我国各类污染物分级浓度限值（GB 3095 -2012），计算了EC地区月平均空气质量指数（AQI）。结果表明，总体而言，从2015年到2018年，EC所有季节的EAQ都有所改善。特别是常规空气污染物，如CO、SO2和NO2的浓度逐年下降。但PM2.5、PM10等颗粒物浓度变化不大，O3浓度从2015年到2018年有所上升。采用经验模态分解（EMD）方法分析了EC空气质量指数的主要模式。第一种模式（EOF 1）的特点是一个统一的结构在AQI EC。这些现象是由于与东亚夏季风（EASM）有关的降水变化，称为“夏季-冬季”模式。第二模态（EOF 2）表明，EC上空空气质量指数为南北偶极子型，其边界为秦岭和淮河（约35° N）。EOF 2主要由PM2.5和O3混合浓度的季节变化引起。与EOF 2相关的蒙古-西伯利亚高压通过控制秋季和冬季低层风场（10 m和850 hPa）影响EC北方AQI的变化，而降水影响春季和夏季EC南部AQI的变化。
Exploring the relationship between environmental air quality (EAQ) and climatic conditions on a large scale can help better understand the main distribution characteristics and the mechanisms of EAQ in China, which is significant for the implementation of policies of joint prevention and control of regional air pollution. In this study, we used the concentrations of six conventional air pollutants, i.e., carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PM10), and ozone (O3), derived from about 1300 monitoring sites in eastern China (EC) from January 2015 to December 2018. Exploiting the grading concentration limit (GB3095-2012) of various pollutants in China, we also calculated the monthly average air quality index (AQI) in EC. The results show that, generally, the EAQ has improved in all seasons in EC from 2015 to 2018. In particular, the concentrations of conventional air pollutants, such as CO, SO2, and NO2, have been decreasing year by year. However, the concentrations of particulate matter, such as PM2.5 and PM10, have changed little, and the O3 concentration increased from 2015 to 2018. Empirical mode decomposition (EOF) was used to analyze the major patterns of AQI in EC. The first mode (EOF1) was characterized by a uniform structure in AQI over EC. These phenomena are due to the precipitation variability associated with the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), referred to as the “summer–winter” pattern. The second EOF mode (EOF2) showed that the AQI over EC is a north–south dipole pattern, which is bound by the Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River (about 35° N). The EOF2 is mainly caused by seasonal variations of the mixed concentration of PM2.5 and O3. Associated with EOF2, the Mongolia–Siberian High influences the AQI variation over northern EC by dominating the low-level winds (10 m and 850 hPa) in autumn and winter, and precipitation affects the AQI variation over southern EC in spring and summer.
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