Too Young to Plead? Risk, Rationality, and Plea Bargaining’s Innocence Problem in Adolescents
Too Young to Plead? Risk, Rationality, and Plea Bargaining’s Innocence Problem in Adolescents
复制标题
青少年辩护的风险、理性和辩诉交易的无罪问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rachel Novick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rebecca K. Helm;V. Reyna;Allison Franz;Rachel Novick
绝大多数成年人和青少年被定罪都是认罪而不是审判的结果。这意味着定罪往往是被告而不是陪审员作出决定的结果。因此，重要的是要研究被告的决策，以确保定罪是在一个公平和有原则的方式发生。研究表明，当前的认罪谈判制度正在导致无辜的被告系统性地承认他们没有犯下的罪行，而且这种情况在青少年中可能比成年人更普遍。目前的研究使用模糊痕迹理论来开发和测试为什么青少年比成年人更有可能对他们没有犯下的罪行认罪的解释。作者表明，正如预测的那样，青少年比成年人更有可能在无辜的情况下认罪，这是由于在决策中使用要点表征的发展差异，即在决策时不太可能检索和应用价值观。这些结果对青少年定罪后的无罪主张，青少年辩诉交易的程序规则，以及青少年辩诉交易的实践更普遍的影响。
The overwhelming majority of both adult and adolescent convictions occur as the result of guilty pleas rather than trial. This means that convictions are often the result of decisions made by defendants rather than jurors. It is therefore important to study decision making in defendants to ensure convictions are occurring in a fair and principled way. Research suggests that the current plea-bargaining system is leading innocent defendants to systematically plead guilty to crimes that they did not commit, and that this may be more widespread in adolescents than adults. The current study uses fuzzy-trace theory to develop and test an explanation of why adolescents are more likely than adults to plead guilty to crimes they did not commit. The authors show that, as predicted, adolescents are more likely than adults to plead guilty when they are innocent, and that this is due to developmental differences in the use of gist representations in decision making whereby values are unlikely to be retrieved and applied when making decisions. These results have implications for postconviction claims of innocence by adolescents, procedural rules governing adolescent plea bargaining, and the practice of adolescent plea bargaining more generally.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1532-7795.2010.00712.x
发表时间：
2011-03-01
期刊：
Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence
影响因子：
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作者：
Casey B;Jones RM;Somerville LH
通讯作者：
Somerville LH
发展危险决策：模糊跟踪理论和神经生物学观点。
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Reyna VF;Wilhelms EA;McCormick MJ;Weldon RB
通讯作者：
Weldon RB