Calcium Signaling and Gliotransmission in Normal vs. Reactive Astrocytes.
Calcium Signaling and Gliotransmission in Normal vs. Reactive Astrocytes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphar.2012.00139
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Fiacco TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agulhon C;Sun MY;Murphy T;Myers T;Lauderdale K;Fiacco TA
在过去的20年里，神经科学研究的一个突出领域是通过星形胶质细胞释放ATP，D-丝氨酸和谷氨酸（称为胶质递质）的Ca 2+依赖性释放对神经元突触活动的急性调节。虽然这一机制的生理相关性正在讨论中，但新出现的证据表明，除了钙离子外，胶质递质从星形胶质细胞释放还需要一些关键因素。有趣的是，这些因子包括活化的小胶质细胞和促炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、趋化细胞因子基质细胞衍生因子-1 α（SDF-1α）和炎症介质前列腺素E2（PGE 2）。值得注意的是，小胶质细胞活化和炎性分子从活化的小胶质细胞和反应性星形胶质细胞的释放可以在触发刺激的几分钟内发生。因此，活化星形胶质细胞的炎症分子结合Ca 2+升高可能会导致神经胶质递质的释放，并在早期序列的事件中的重要一步，导致过度兴奋，兴奋性毒性，神经退行性病变的受损或患病的大脑。在这篇综述中，我们将首先检查证据质疑钙依赖性胶质递质释放星形胶质细胞在健康的脑组织，随后密切检查最近的工作表明，钙依赖性胶质递质释放发生在神经系统疾病和神经炎症和神经退行性疾病的发展作为一个早期事件。
A prominent area of neuroscience research over the past 20 years has been the acute modulation of neuronal synaptic activity by Ca2+-dependent release of the transmitters ATP, D-serine, and glutamate (called gliotransmitters) by astrocytes. Although the physiological relevance of this mechanism is under debate, emerging evidence suggests that there are critical factors in addition to Ca2+ that are required for gliotransmitters to be released from astrocytes. Interestingly, these factors include activated microglia and the proinflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα), chemotactic cytokine Stromal cell-Derived Factor-1α (SDF-1α), and inflammatory mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Of note, microglial activation and release of inflammatory molecules from activated microglia and reactive astrocytes can occur within minutes of a triggering stimulus. Therefore, activation of astrocytes by inflammatory molecules combined with Ca2+ elevations may lead to gliotransmitter release, and be an important step in the early sequence of events contributing to hyperexcitability, excitotoxicity, and neurodegeneration in the damaged or diseased brain. In this review, we will first examine evidence questioning Ca2+-dependent gliotransmitter release from astrocytes in healthy brain tissue, followed by a close examination of recent work suggesting that Ca2+-dependent gliotransmitter release occurs as an early event in the development of neurological disorders and neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
Benneyworth MA;Li Y;Basu AC;Bolshakov VY;Coyle JT
通讯作者：
Coyle JT
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Bajetto, A;Bonavia, R;Schettini, G
通讯作者：
Schettini, G
DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.0802954
发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brambilla R;Persaud T;Hu X;Karmally S;Shestopalov VI;Dvoriantchikova G;Ivanov D;Nathanson L;Barnum SR;Bethea JR
通讯作者：
Bethea JR
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Agulhon, Cendra;Petravicz, Jeremy;McMullen, Allison B.;Sweger, Elizabeth J.;Minton, Suzanne K.;Taves, Sarah R.;Casper, Kristen B.;Fiacco, Todd A.;McCarthy, Ken D.
通讯作者：
McCarthy, Ken D.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Beattie, EC;Stellwagen, D;Malenka, RC
通讯作者：
Malenka, RC