Haloplumbate salts as reagents for the non-aqueous electrodeposition of lead

Haloplumbate salts as reagents for the non-aqueous electrodeposition of lead
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卤铅酸盐作为铅非水电沉积试剂

DOI:
10.1039/c6ra12942k
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Bartlett P
Bartlett P
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bartlett P

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在Pt盘电极上的Pb(II)盐[PPh 4][PbX 3](X = Cl,Br,I)在CH 2Cl 2溶液([PPh 4]X支持电解质)中的循环伏安实验显示与还原成元素Pb一致的可再现的成核和剥离特征。还原电位从Cl(−0.40 V)→ Br(−0.27 V)→ I(−0.19 V vs. Ag/AgCl)向阴极方向移动,与Pb-X键强度的降低一致。恒电位电沉积使用[PPh 4][PbCl 3]在CH 2Cl 2导致晶体Pb的薄膜生长到平面TiN电极上,通过SEM,EDX和XRD分析证实。在类似条件下电沉积到平面Au电极上导致元素Pb的沉积,伴随着在衬底/膜界面处的一些合金化,XRD分析证实了AuPb 2和AuPb 3的形成。将[PPh 4][PbCl 3]试剂转移到含有[PPh 4]Cl的超临界CH 2F 2(17.5 MPa和360 K)中导致Pb试剂的溶解度非常有限;使用[NnBu 4]Cl作为支持电解质导致溶解度增加,但仍低于在液体CH 2Cl 2中。使用该电解质的循环伏安法实验(Pt盘)也显示与Pb沉积一致的伏安法,然而铅盐在scCH 2F 2中的低溶解度意味着不可能电沉积到平面TiN基底上。
Cyclic voltammetry experiments on the Pb(II) salts, [PPh4][PbX3] (X = Cl, Br, I) in CH2Cl2 solution ([PPh4]X supporting electrolyte) at a Pt disk electrode show reproducible nucleation and stripping features consistent with reduction to elemental Pb. The reduction potential shifts to less cathodic from Cl (−0.40 V) → Br (−0.27 V) → I (−0.19 V vs. Ag/AgCl), in line with the Pb–X bond strengths decreasing. Potentiostatic electrodeposition using [PPh4][PbCl3] in CH2Cl2 leads to growth of a thin film of crystalline Pb onto planar TiN electrodes, confirmed by SEM, EDX and XRD analysis. Electrodeposition under similar conditions onto a planar Au electrode leads to deposition of elemental Pb, accompanied by some alloying at the substrate/film interface, with XRD analysis confirming the formation of AuPb2 and AuPb3. Transferring the [PPh4][PbCl3] reagent into supercritical CH2F2 (17.5 MPa and 360 K) containing [PPh4]Cl led to very limited solubility of the Pb reagent; using [NnBu4]Cl as a supporting electrolyte caused an increase in solubility, although still lower than in liquid CH2Cl2. Cyclic voltammetry experiments (Pt disk) using this electrolyte also show voltammetry consistent with Pb deposition, however the low solubility of the lead salt in scCH2F2 meant that electrodeposition onto a planar TiN substrate was not possible.
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