Critical evidence for the prediction error theory in associative learning.
Critical evidence for the prediction error theory in associative learning.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep08929
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发表时间：
2015-03-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mizunami M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Terao K;Matsumoto Y;Mizunami M
在哺乳动物的联想学习中，人们普遍认为，实际奖励和预测奖励之间的差异或误差决定了学习是否发生。然而，预测误差理论在任何学习系统中都没有得到完整的证据：预测误差理论源于对阻塞现象的发现，但阻塞也可以用其他理论来解释，例如注意理论。我们在蟋蟀的经典条件反射中证明了阻滞，并获得了拒绝注意理论的证据。为了进一步获得支持预测误差理论和拒绝替代理论的证据，我们通过修改之前的蟋蟀学习模型，构建了一个与预测误差理论相匹配的神经模型，并对该模型的预测进行了测试：该模型预测，在食欲调节过程中对章鱼胺能传递的药物干预会损害学习，但不会损害奖励预测本身的形成，因此它预测在随后的训练中不会学习。我们观察到这种“自动阻塞”，这可以用预测误差理论来解释，但不能用其他竞争理论来解释阻塞。本研究明确证明了预测误差理论在联想学习中的有效性。
In associative learning in mammals, it is widely accepted that the discrepancy, or error, between actual and predicted reward determines whether learning occurs. Complete evidence for the prediction error theory, however, has not been obtained in any learning systems: Prediction error theory stems from the finding of a blocking phenomenon, but blocking can also be accounted for by other theories, such as the attentional theory. We demonstrated blocking in classical conditioning in crickets and obtained evidence to reject the attentional theory. To obtain further evidence supporting the prediction error theory and rejecting alternative theories, we constructed a neural model to match the prediction error theory, by modifying our previous model of learning in crickets, and we tested a prediction from the model: the model predicts that pharmacological intervention of octopaminergic transmission during appetitive conditioning impairs learning but not formation of reward prediction itself, and it thus predicts no learning in subsequent training. We observed such an “auto-blocking”, which could be accounted for by the prediction error theory but not by other competitive theories to account for blocking. This study unambiguously demonstrates validity of the prediction error theory in associative learning.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Roeder, T;Degen, J;Gewecke, M
通讯作者：
Gewecke, M
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
MACKINTOSH, NJ
通讯作者：
MACKINTOSH, NJ
DOI：
10.3758/bf03199085
发表时间：
1997-08-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
Couvillon, PA;Arakaki, L;Bitterman, ME
通讯作者：
Bitterman, ME
影响因子：
2
作者：
Guerrieri, F;Lachnit, H;Giurfa, M
通讯作者：
Giurfa, M
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Blaser, R. E.;Couvillon, P. A.;Bitterman, M. E.
通讯作者：
Bitterman, M. E.