Implicit statistical learning in language processing: word predictability is the key.
Implicit statistical learning in language processing: word predictability is the key.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2009.10.009
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发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Pisoni DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway CM;Bauernschmidt A;Huang SS;Pisoni DB
与序列结构的内隐编码相关的基本学习能力被认为是语言习得和加工的基础。然而，到目前为止，很少有直接证据支持内隐统计学习和语言之间的联系。在三个实验中，使用新的方法评估内隐学习和语言能力，我们表明，敏感性的顺序结构-作为衡量的结构一致的输入序列的即时记忆广度的改善-显着相关的能力，使用知识的词的可预测性，以帮助语音感知退化的听力条件下。重要的是，即使在控制了参与者在其他认知任务上的表现之后，这种关联仍然存在，包括短期和工作记忆，智力，注意力和抑制以及词汇知识。因此，有证据表明，内隐学习能力对于获得语言序列结构的长期知识是必不可少的，即，词汇可预测性的知识--这种能力的个体差异影响日常情况下的言语感知。这些研究结果提供了一个新的理论基础，连接基本的学习现象的具体方面的口头语言处理的成年人，并可能进一步表明新的富有成效的方向调查典型和非典型的语言发展。
Fundamental learning abilities related to the implicit encoding of sequential structure have been postulated to underlie language acquisition and processing. However, there is very little direct evidence to date supporting such a link between implicit statistical learning and language. In three experiments using novel methods of assessing implicit learning and language abilities, we show that sensitivity to sequential structure -- as measured by improvements to immediate memory span for structurally-consistent input sequences -- is significantly correlated with the ability to use knowledge of word predictability to aid speech perception under degraded listening conditions. Importantly, the association remained even after controlling for participant performance on other cognitive tasks, including short-term and working memory, intelligence, attention and inhibition, and vocabulary knowledge. Thus, the evidence suggests that implicit learning abilities are essential for acquiring long-term knowledge of the sequential structure of language -- i.e., knowledge of word predictability – and that individual differences on such abilities impact speech perception in everyday situations. These findings provide a new theoretical rationale linking basic learning phenomena to specific aspects of spoken language processing in adults, and may furthermore indicate new fruitful directions for investigating both typical and atypical language development.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Conway, Christopher M.;Karpicke, Jennifer;Pisoni, David B.
通讯作者：
Pisoni, David B.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.012611199
发表时间：
2002-01-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Friederici, AD;Steinhauer, K;Pfeifer, E
通讯作者：
Pfeifer, E
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
ELMAN, JL
通讯作者：
ELMAN, JL
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Conway CM;Pisoni DB
通讯作者：
Pisoni DB
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
FRENSCH, PA;MINER, CS
通讯作者：
MINER, CS