Negative feedback at kinetochores underlies a responsive spindle checkpoint signal.

Negative feedback at kinetochores underlies a responsive spindle checkpoint signal.
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动力学的负反馈是响应式主轴检查点信号的基础。

DOI:
10.1038/ncb3065
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发表时间:
2014-12
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
Saurin AT
Saurin AT
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nijenhuis W;Vallardi G;Teixeira A;Kops GJ;Saurin AT

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动粒是一种特殊的多蛋白复合物,在维持基因组稳定性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。它们在有丝分裂过程中连接染色体和微管,并激活纺锤体组装检查点(SAC)以阻止分裂,直到所有染色体都连接在一起。动粒能够有效地整合这两个过程,因为它们可以通过打开或关闭局部SAC信号来快速响应微管占用的变化。我们表明,这种反应性的出现,因为SAC总理动粒磷酸酶诱导负反馈和沉默自己的信号。主动SAC信号传导将PP 2 A-B 56募集到着丝粒,在着丝粒中它拮抗Aurora B以促进PP 1募集。PP 1又使SAC沉默并使PP 2A-B56离域。阻止或绕过关键的调节步骤表明,磷酸酶反馈的这种时空控制是通过以下方式在动粒处快速信号切换的基础:1)允许SAC在不存在拮抗磷酸酶活性的情况下快速转变为ON状态,以及2)确保磷酸酶随后被引发以在动粒激酶活性通过产生力的微管附着而减弱时快速切换SAC信号OFF。
Kinetochores are specialised multi-protein complexes that play a crucial role in maintaining genome stability. They bridge attachments between chromosomes and microtubules during mitosis and they activate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) to arrest division until all chromosomes are attached. Kinetochores are able to efficiently integrate these two processes because they can rapidly respond to changes in microtubule occupancy by switching localised SAC signalling ON or OFF. We show that this responsiveness arises because the SAC primes kinetochore phosphatases to induce negative feedback and silence its own signal. Active SAC signalling recruits PP2A-B56 to kinetochores where it antagonises Aurora B to promote PP1 recruitment. PP1 in turn silences the SAC and delocalises PP2A-B56. Preventing or bypassing key regulatory steps demonstrates that this spatiotemporal control of phosphatase feedback underlies rapid signal switching at the kinetochore by; 1) allowing the SAC to quickly transition to the ON state in the absence of antagonising phosphatase activity, and 2) ensuring phosphatases are then primed to rapidly switch the SAC signal OFF when kinetochore kinase activities are diminished by force-producing microtubule attachments.
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