Reward motivation accelerates the onset of neural novelty signals in humans to 85 milliseconds.
Reward motivation accelerates the onset of neural novelty signals in humans to 85 milliseconds.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2009.06.021
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发表时间：
2009-08-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Duzel E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunzeck N;Doeller CF;Fuentemilla L;Dolan RJ;Duzel E
在识别记忆任务中，区分新事物和熟悉事物的神经反应在人类和非人类灵长类动物中都非常快。在人类中，神经新奇效应的最早发作出现在刺激开始后约150-200 ms。然而，在识别与非人类灵长类动物的记忆研究，新奇的效果可以出现在早在70-80毫秒。在这里，我们解决的可能性，这种大的物种差异在发病lavelia实验所造成的必要性，使用奖励强化，以激励检测新的或熟悉的项目在非人类灵长类动物，但不是在人类。通过人类脑磁图，我们在两个实验中表明，如果对新奇或熟悉物品的正确识别记忆得到奖励，神经新奇信号的发作将从200 ms加速到2085 ms。重要的是，这种加速与检测到新场景或熟悉场景是否得到奖励无关。此外，这种早期的新奇效应有助于记忆提取，因为神经奖励反应，这是偶然的新奇检测，随后100毫秒。因此，在奖励动机的背景影响下，行为相关的新奇信号出现得比以前在人类身上可能的要快得多。
The neural responses that distinguish novel from familiar items in recognition memory tasks are remarkably fast in both humans and nonhuman primates. In humans, the earliest onsets of neural novelty effects emerge at about ∼150–200 ms after stimulus onset. However, in recognition memory studies with nonhuman primates, novelty effects can arise at as early as 70–80 ms. Here, we address the possibility that this large species difference in onset latencies is caused experimentally by the necessity of using reward reinforcement to motivate the detection of novel or familiar items in nonhuman primates but not in humans. Via magnetoencephalography in humans, we show in two experiments that the onset of neural novelty signals is accelerated from ∼200 ms to ∼85 ms if correct recognition memory for either novel or familiar items is rewarded. Importantly, this acceleration is independent of whether the detection of the novel or the familiar scenes is rewarded. Furthermore, this early novelty effect contributed to memory retrieval because neural reward responses, which were contingent upon novelty detection, followed ∼100 ms later. Thus, under the contextual influence of reward motivation, behaviorally relevant novelty signals emerge much faster than previously held possible in humans.
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