The Structure of the Barley Husk Influences Its Resistance to Mechanical Stress.
The Structure of the Barley Husk Influences Its Resistance to Mechanical Stress.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.614334
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Hoad SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant KR;Brennan M;Hoad SP
本文探讨了基因型，植物发育，植物结构和植物材料特性之间的联系。大麦外壳有两个器官，外稃和内稃，它们保护着谷粒。当外壳暴露于机械应力时，例如在收获期间，它可能会损坏或分离。这被称为谷物剥皮，这对谷物质量有害，并对工业产生重大经济影响。本研究的重点是外稃，谷壳器官，这是最容易受到粮食剥皮。本研究验证了三个假设：（1）基因型和植物发育决定外稃结构，（2）外稃结构影响外稃的材料性质，（3）外稃的材料性质决定籽粒结皮风险。基因型的影响进行了研究，使用植物材料从四个啤酒大麦品种：两个具有高风险的籽粒脱皮，两个具有低风险。在植物发育的两个阶段（开花期，GS 65;灌浆期，GS 77）评估植物材料。使用光学显微镜评估结构以测量三个生理特征：厚度、脉管系统和细胞面积。使用受控冲击试验并通过分析断裂行为来近似材料性质。基因型从开花期开始对外稃结构和材料性状有显著影响。这表明基因型之间的差异是在花发育过程中建立的。与低风险基因型相比，高风险基因型的外稃显着更薄。因此，在高风险基因型，外稃是显着更有可能片段。这表明减少的外稃厚度和增加的碎片之间的关系。传统上，由于与麦芽提取物的关联，薄壳被认为对制麦芽质量有益。然而，这项研究发现薄的外稃对机械应力的抵抗力较低。这可能解释了所研究的基因型在谷粒结皮风险上的差异。
This paper explores the links between genotype, plant development, plant structure and plant material properties. The barley husk has two organs, the lemma and the palea, which protect the grain. When the husk is exposed to mechanical stress, such as during harvesting, it can be damaged or detached. This is known as grain skinning, which is detrimental to grain quality and has a significant economic impact on industry. This study focused on the lemma, the husk organ which is most susceptible to grain skinning. This study tested three hypotheses: (1) genotype and plant development determine lemma structure, (2) lemma structure influences the material properties of the lemma, and (3) the material properties of the lemma determine grain skinning risk. The effect of genotype was investigated by using plant material from four malting barley varieties: two with a high risk of grain skinning, two with a low risk. Plant material was assessed at two stages of plant development (anthesis, GS 65; grain filling, GS 77). Structure was assessed using light microscopy to measure three physiological features: thickness, vasculature and cell area. Material properties were approximated using a controlled impact assay and by analyzing fragmentation behavior. Genotype had a significant effect on lemma structure and material properties from anthesis. This indicates that differences between genotypes were established during floral development. The lemma was significantly thinner in high risk genotypes, compared to low risk genotypes. Consequently, in high risk genotypes, the lemma was significantly more likely to fragment. This indicates a relationship between reduced lemma thickness and increased fragmentation. Traditionally, a thin husk has been considered beneficial for malting quality, due to an association with malt extract. However, this study finds a thin lemma is less resistant to mechanical stress. This may explain the differences in grain skinning risk in the genotypes studied.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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