Mammalian DNA Repair and the Cellular DNA Polymerases

Mammalian DNA Repair and the Cellular DNA Polymerases
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哺乳动物 DNA 修复和细胞 DNA 聚合酶

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-59259-455-9_11
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发表时间:
1998
期刊:
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
R. Singhal
R. Singhal
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Samuel H. Wilson;R. Singhal

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在生物体的生命过程中,基因组DNA会受到各种物理和化学因素的破坏。为了忠实地繁殖和保存基因组DNA,受损的DNA位点必须修复,生物体有几种DNA修复途径,这些途径对维持基因组的稳定性至关重要。每个单独的DNA修复途径(即,无错误修复,碱基切除修复,核苷酸切除修复等)在自然界中通常是相似的,这种保护概念在快速推进哺乳动物DNA修复领域中是无价的。一些不依赖DNA聚合酶的“无错误修复”的例子是众所周知的,包括紫外线损伤的光解酶逆转和烷基化损伤的甲基转移酶逆转。在各种切除修复途径中,都涉及某种形式的DNA聚合酶介导的缺口填补,首先识别并切除DNA中的受损部位,调整切除间隙以允许填补缺口的DNA合成,通过DNA合成恢复核苷酸序列,最后连接磷酸二酯主链。因此,受损DNA的切除修复是一个连续的多步骤过程。单个步骤中涉及的特定酶可能取决于被修复的DNA损伤的类型和损伤周围的DNA结构/序列背景。由于受损DNA切除后DNA序列的再合成是由DNA聚合酶催化的,因此这些酶显然在DNA修复中起着核心作用,因此在基因组稳定性中起着核心作用。
Genomic DNA is damaged by various physical and chemical agents during the life of an organism. For faithful reproduction and preservation of genomic DNA, damaged DNA sites must be repaired, and organisms have several DNA repair pathways that are vital in maintaining genome stability. Each individual DNA repair pathway (i.e., error-free repair, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and so forth) is generally similar throughout nature, and this concept of conservation has been invaluable in rapidly advancing the mammalian DNA repair field. Several examples of DNA polymerase-independent “error-free repair” are well known, including photolyase reversal of UV damage and methyltransferase reversal of alkylation damage. In the various excision repair pathways, all of which involve some form of DNA polymerase-mediated gap-filling, the damaged site in DNA is first recognized and excised, the excision gap is tailored to allow gap-filling DNA synthesis, the nucleotide sequence is restored through DNA synthesis, and finally the phosphodiester backbone is ligated. Excision repair of damaged DNA is, therefore, a sequential multistep process. The specific enzyme(s) involved in an individual step may depend on the type of DNA lesion being repaired and the DNA structure/sequence context surrounding the lesion. Since resynthesis of a DNA sequence after excision of damaged DNA is catalyzed by a DNA polymerase, these enzymes clearly play a central role in DNA repair and hence in genomic stability.
使用可渗透性人成纤维细胞分析丁基苯基鸟嘌呤、丁基苯基脱氧鸟苷和丁基苯基脱氧鸟苷三磷酸对 DNA 复制和紫外线诱导的 DNA 修复合成的抑制作用。
DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90506-0
发表时间: 1988
影响因子: 5.8
作者:
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通讯作者: Frattini,MG
DOI: 10.1126/science.7516581
发表时间: 1994-06-24
期刊: SCIENCE
影响因子: 56.9
作者:
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1988
期刊: The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子: --
作者:
Randahl,H;Elliott,GC;Linn,S
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DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.22.8692
发表时间: 1990
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
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DNA 修复合成的性质对人类细胞中聚合酶 α 抑制剂具有抵抗力。
DOI: 10.1021/bi00302a008
发表时间: 1984
期刊: Biochemistry
影响因子: 2.9
作者:
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通讯作者: Okumoto,DS