Environmental transmission of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses within the hemodialysis unit.
Environmental transmission of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses within the hemodialysis unit.
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血液透析室内乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒的环境传播。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1525-1594.1995.tb02323.x
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
S. Draibe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Cendoroglo Neto;S. Manzano;M. Canziani;A. E. Silva;L. F. Cirenza;R. Sesso;H. Ajzen;S. Draibe
B型肝炎病毒（HBV）可在透析环境中通过输血和环境表面传播。输血相关的丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是众所周知的，但直到最近才假定这种病毒的环境传播。为了研究在血库实施HBV疫苗接种和HCV筛查之前，血液透析和CAPD患者中HBV和HCV感染的患病率、传播机制和ALT模式，我们从1987年1月至1990年1月进行了一项研究。在此期间储存了185例血液透析和124例CAPD患者的血清，随后分析了HBsAg、抗HBc、抗HBs和抗HCV（第二代ELISA）。血液透析患者中任何HBV标志物的患病率为55.7%（103/185），CAPD患者为31.5%（39/124）（血液透析vs. CAPD，p < 0.001）。血液透析患者抗-HCV阳性率为35.1%（65/185），CAPD患者为33.9%（42/124），差异无统计学意义。HBV标志物阳性与抗-HCV阳性之间有显著相关性。危险因素的多变量分析显示，每种病毒的阳性与肾脏替代治疗（RRT）的持续时间、既往输血次数和既往血液透析治疗史相关。因此，除了输血相关传播外，两种病毒也可能发生血液透析环境传播。在透析环境中，病毒的高流行率和环境传播证据的发现对于规划未来的预防措施具有重要意义。
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmitted in the dialysis setting through blood transfusions and environmental surfaces. Transfusion related hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is very well known, but only recently the environmental transmission of this virus was postulated. In order to study the prevalence, mechanisms of transmission, and the ALT patterns of HBV and HCV infections in hemodialysis and CAPD patients before the implementation of HBV vaccination and HCV screening in the blood bank, we conducted a study from January 1987 to January 1990. Sera from 185 hemodialysis and 124 CAPD patients were stored in this period and later analyzed for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV (second generation ELISA). The prevalence of any HBV marker was 55.7% (103/185) for hemodialysis patients and 31.5% (39/124) for CAPD patients (hemodialysis vs. CAPD, p < 0.001). The prevalence of positive anti-HCV was 35.1% (65/185) for hemodialysis and 33.9% (42/124) for CAPD patients (not significant). There was a significant association between HBV markers positivity and anti-HCV positivity. The multivariate analysis of risk factors revealed an association of the positivity of each virus with the duration of renal replacement therapy (RRT), number of previous blood transfusions, and past history of hemodialysis treatment. Thus, besides the transfusion-related transmission, hemodialysis environmental transmission may also occur for both viruses. The findings of a high prevalence of both viruses and evidence for environmental transmission in the dialysis setting are of major importance for the planning of future preventive measures.
人类 5 号染色体上含有白细胞介素基因的酵母人工染色体的表征。
DOI：
10.1159/000133417
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Cytogenetics and cell genetics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Stock,W;Chandrasekharappa,SC;Neuman,WL;LeBeau,MM;Brownstein,BH;Westbrook,CA
通讯作者：
Westbrook,CA