Retinal and Brain Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis and Neurodegeneration.
Retinal and Brain Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis and Neurodegeneration.
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DOI：
10.3390/cells10061507
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发表时间：
2021-06-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Cordeiro MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi S;Guo L;Cordeiro MF
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统 (CNS)（包括视网膜）的常驻免疫细胞。与大脑小胶质细胞类似，视网膜小胶质细胞负责视网膜监视，通过改变形态和功能来快速响应环境变化。小胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病（包括多发性硬化症）的炎症反应中被激活。当受到压力刺激激活时，视网膜小胶质细胞会改变其形态和活性，从而产生有益或有害的后果。在这篇综述中，我们描述了中枢神经系统小胶质细胞的特征，包括视网膜中的小胶质细胞，重点关注它们在健康、衰老、多发性硬化症和其他神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、青光眼和色素性视网膜炎）中的形态、激活状态和功能，以强调它们在疾病中的活性。我们还讨论了文献中相互矛盾的发现以及通过使用标准化方法（例如自动化算法）减少未来不一致的潜在方法，以便更全面地理解这一令人兴奋的研究领域。
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), including the retina. Similar to brain microglia, retinal microglia are responsible for retinal surveillance, rapidly responding to changes in the environment by altering morphotype and function. Microglia become activated in inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). When activated by stress stimuli, retinal microglia change their morphology and activity, with either beneficial or harmful consequences. In this review, we describe characteristics of CNS microglia, including those in the retina, with a focus on their morphology, activation states and function in health, ageing, MS and other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, glaucoma and retinitis pigmentosa, to highlight their activity in disease. We also discuss contradictory findings in the literature and the potential ways of reducing inconsistencies in future by using standardised methodology, e.g., automated algorithms, to enable a more comprehensive understanding of this exciting area of research.
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影响因子：
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