Perceptual learning and aging: improved performance for low-contrast motion discrimination.
Perceptual learning and aging: improved performance for low-contrast motion discrimination.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00066
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Andersen GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bower JD;Watanabe T;Andersen GJ
先前的研究表明，在不同的对比度水平下，辨别运动存在与年龄相关的差异（Betts等人，）。这项研究的一个令人惊讶的结果是，与年轻的观察者相比，老年人在检测大的高对比度刺激的运动时表现出更好的性能，这表明了与年龄相关的中心-周围拮抗作用的差异。在本研究中，我们研究了知觉学习方法是否可以用来提高运动的区分性能的老年人在高，低对比度的条件下。刺激集中呈现高斯滤波正弦波光栅（Gabor），其直径为5°或0.7°，对比度为0.92、0.22或0.028。年龄较大和较年轻的参与者接受了3天的培训。任务是确定运动方向是正向还是反向。使用两个随机交错的阶梯推导出运动辨别的持续时间阈值，并在测试前/后进行比较。老年人和年轻人都表现出较低的持续时间阈值作为训练的结果。对于老年受试者，由于训练，在所有尺寸和对比度条件下观察到性能的改善，使用小的低对比度刺激进行训练，导致运动辨别性能提高23%。与年轻观察者相比，老年观察者在所有对比度水平上确实显示出空间抑制降低的证据。这些结果表明，知觉学习技术是有效的，以提高运动辨别性能，特别是对于老年人很难的条件。
Previous research has shown age-related differences in discriminating motion at different levels of contrast (Betts et al.,). A surprising result of this research is that older as compared to younger observers showed improved performance in detecting motion of large high-contrast stimuli suggesting age-related differences in center-surround antagonism. In the present study we examined whether perceptual learning methods could be used to improve motion discrimination performance for older individuals under high- and low-contrast conditions. The stimuli were centrally presented Gaussian filtered sine-wave gratings (Gabors) that were either 5° or 0.7° diameter with contrast of 0.92, 0.22, or 0.028. Older and younger participants received 3 days of training. The task was to identify if the motion direction was leftward or rightward. Duration thresholds for motion discrimination were derived using two randomly interleaved staircases and compared between pre-/post-test sessions. Both older and younger subjects showed lower duration thresholds as a result of training. The improved performance, for older subjects, due to training was observed for all size and contrast conditions, with training with small low-contrast stimuli resulting in a 23% improvement in motion discrimination performance. Older observers, as compared to younger observers, did show evidence of decreased spatial suppression across all contrast levels. These results suggest that perceptual learning techniques are effective for improving motion discrimination performance, especially for conditions that are difficult for older individuals.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Pelli, DG
通讯作者：
Pelli, DG
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Andersen, GJ;Atchley, P
通讯作者：
Atchley, P
影响因子：
9.9
作者：
TRICK, GL;SILVERMAN, SE
通讯作者：
SILVERMAN, SE
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Bennett, Patrick J.;Sekuler, Robert;Sekuler, Allison B.
通讯作者：
Sekuler, Allison B.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Betts, Lisa R.;Sekuler, Allison B.;Bennett, Patrick J.
通讯作者：
Bennett, Patrick J.