Seasonal precipitation gradients and their impact on fluvial sediment flux in the Northwest Himalaya

Seasonal precipitation gradients and their impact on fluvial sediment flux in the Northwest Himalaya
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喜马拉雅西北地区季节性降水梯度及其对河流泥沙通量的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.12.003
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Scherler
Scherler
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bookhagen;Scherler

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整个喜马拉雅地区的降雨和降雪形式的降水控制河流流量和侵蚀过程,因此,对河流泥沙通量具有一级控制作用。在这里,我们分析了每日降水量数据(1998-2007年)的80个气象站从喜马拉雅山西北部,以破译时间和空间的水分梯度。此外,悬浮泥沙数据允许对103平方公里的集水区(巴斯帕)的河流泥沙通量的降水的影响进行评估。我们发现,位于山前的气象站在夏季(5 - 10月)接收了年降水量的约80%,而位于造山带内部的气象站,即,在冬季(11 - 4月),地形障碍物的背风面接收年降水量的约60%。在这两个地区,4-6个暴雨日数占夏季预算的40%左右,而暴雨强度-频率关系,来自40年的降水时间序列,表明更高的风暴变率在内部比在锋区。这种高变异性在造山带内部的最大年暴雨日反映了在巴斯帕谷,这强烈影响年侵蚀量的极端悬浮泥沙事件的高变异性。两次最显著的5天侵蚀事件占5年总悬浮泥沙通量的50%,并与天气尺度季风暴雨相一致。这强调了印度夏季季风的侵蚀影响,作为造山带内部侵蚀过程的主要驱动力,尽管冬季降水量较多。
Precipitation in the form of rain and snowfall throughout the Himalaya controls river discharge and erosional processes and, thus, has a first-order control on the fluvial sediment flux. Here, we analyze daily precipitation data (1998–2007) of 80 weather stations from the northwestern Himalaya in order to decipher temporal and spatial moisture gradients. In addition, suspended sediment data allow assessment of the impact of precipitation on the fluvial sediment flux for a 103-km2catchment (Baspa). We find that weather stations located at the mountain front receive ∼80% of annual precipitation during summer (May–Oct), whereas stations in the orogenic interior, i.e., leeward of the orographic barrier, receive ∼60% of annual precipitation during winter (Nov–Apr). In both regions 4–6 rainstorm days account for ∼40% of the summer budgets, while rainstorm magnitude–frequency relations, derived from 40-year precipitation time-series, indicate a higher storm variability in the interior than in the frontal region. This high variability in maximum annual rainstorm days in the orogenic interior is reflected by a high variability in extreme suspended sediment events in the Baspa Valley, which strongly affect annual erosion yields. The two most prominent 5-day-long erosional events account for 50% of the total 5-year suspended sediment flux and coincide with synoptic-scale monsoonal rainstorms. This emphasizes the erosional impact of the Indian Summer Monsoon as the main driving force for erosion processes in the orogenic interior, despite more precipitation falling during the winter season.
降水数据的质量控制
DOI: --
发表时间: 2008
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
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影响因子: 3.2
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