Comparative study of nutritional mode and mycorrhizal fungi in green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid mainly utilizing saprotrophic rhizoctonia
Comparative study of nutritional mode and mycorrhizal fungi in green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid mainly utilizing saprotrophic rhizoctonia
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主要利用腐生丝核菌的绿色和白化变种 Goodyera velutina 营养模式和菌根真菌的比较研究
DOI：
10.1111/mec.15213
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Tayasu Ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suetsugu Kenji;Yamato Masahide;Matsubayashi Jun;Tayasu Ichiro
大多数叶绿性兰花与所谓的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)形成菌根联系，丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)是一种在系统发育上不同的组合，主要是Ceratobasidiaceae、Tulasnellaceae和Serendibitaceae中的腐生真菌。主要与丝核菌相关的成株兰花是否部分异养仍是一个争论的问题。在这里，我们通过测量绿色和白色变种的13C和15N丰度，以及通过对它们的菌根真菌进行分子条码编码，来研究绿色和白化变种的营养模式。分子分析表明，绿变种和白化变异体都含有相似范围的真菌，主要是腐生菌Ceratobasidiumspp.、Tulasnellaspp.和外生菌根Russulaspp。此外，稳定同位素分析表明，白化变种对13C有显著的富集性，但对15N的富集量不是很大，这表明腐生营养的Ceratobasidiumspp。和Tulasnellaspp。是它们的主要碳源。然而，在绿色变种中，13C水平被耗尽，15N水平与共生的自养植物难以区分。因此，我们得出结论，白化变种是完全异养的植物，其C主要来自腐生型丝核菌，而绿变异体主要是自养植物，至少在我们的研究地点是这样，尽管它们与外生菌根真菌有额外的联系。这是首次报道成虫非光合作用的白化变异体可以主要从非外生菌根丝核菌获得营养。
The majority of chlorophyllous orchids form mycorrhizal associations with so‐called rhizoctonia fungi, a phylogenetically heterogeneous assemblage of predominantly saprotrophic fungi in Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae, and Serendipitaceae. It is still a matter of debate whether adult orchids mainly associated with rhizoctonia species are partially mycoheterotrophic. Here, we investigated the nutritional modes of green and albino variants ofGoodyera velutina, an orchid species considered to be mainly associated withCeratobasidiumspp., by measuring their13C and15N abundances, and by molecular barcoding of their mycorrhizal fungi. Molecular analysis revealed that both green and albino variants ofG. velutinaharbored a similar range of mycobionts, mainly saprotrophicCeratobasidiumspp.,Tulasnellaspp., and ectomycorrhizalRussulaspp. In addition, stable isotope analysis revealed that albino variants were significantly enriched in13C but not so greatly in15N, suggesting that saprotrophicCeratobasidiumspp. andTulasnellaspp. are their main carbon source. However, in green variants,13C levels were depleted and those of15N were indistinguishable from the co‐occurring autotrophic plants. Therefore, we concluded that the albinoG. velutinavariants are fully mycoheterotrophic plants whose C derives mainly from saprotrophic rhizoctonia, while the greenG. velutinavariants are mainly autotrophic plants, at least at our study site, in spite of their additional associations with ectomycorrhizal fungi. This is the first report demonstrating that adult nonphotosynthetic albino variants can obtain their nutrition mainly from nonectomycorrhizal rhizoctonia.
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