Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning: towards a global synthesis.
Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning: towards a global synthesis.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01630.x
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发表时间：
2011-07
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Whitford WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eldridge DJ;Bowker MA;Maestre FT;Roger E;Reynolds JF;Whitford WG
木本植物侵入草原引起了生态学家的极大兴趣。侵蚀对生态系统进程的综合影响在程度上是有限的，主要限于牧场土地使用或特定的地理区域。我们使用单变量分析，荟萃分析和结构方程模型来测试的命题，1）灌木侵占不一定会导致生态系统功能的下降，和2）灌木性状影响侵占的功能结果。对来自全球244个案例研究的43个生态系统属性的分析表明，一些属性随着侵蚀而持续增加（例如土壤C、N），其他属性则下降（例如草覆盖、pH值），但大多数属性表现出可变的响应。灌木的特征与显着的，虽然弱，结构和功能的结果侵占。我们的审查表明，侵占生态系统的结构和功能在全球范围内的混合效应，灌木性状影响的功能结果的侵占。因此，对现有文献的批判性分析并不支持将侵占简单地称为导致生态系统功能、结构或环境退化的过程。我们的研究结果突出表明，灌木入侵和退化之间的普遍联系并不普遍。
Encroachment of woody plants into grasslands has generated considerable interest among ecologists. Syntheses of encroachment effects on ecosystem processes have been limited in extent and confined largely to pastoral land uses or particular geographical regions. We used univariate analyses, meta-analysis and structural equation modeling to test the propositions that 1) shrub encroachment does not necessarily lead to declines in ecosystem functions, and 2) shrub traits influence the functional outcome of encroachment. Analyses of 43 ecosystem attributes from 244 case studies worldwide showed that some attributes consistently increased with encroachment (e.g. soil C, N), and others declined (e.g. grass cover, pH), but most exhibited variable responses. Traits of shrubs were associated with significant, though weak, structural and functional outcomes of encroachment. Our review revealed that encroachment had mixed effects on ecosystem structure and functioning at global scales, and that shrub traits influence the functional outcome of encroachment. Thus, a simple designation of encroachment as a process leading to functionally, structurally or contextually degraded ecosystems is not supported by a critical analysis of existing literature. Our results highlight that the commonly established link between shrub encroachment and degradation is not universal.
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作者：
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DOI：
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