The mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma degrades linear DNA fragments precluding the formation of deletions.

The mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma degrades linear DNA fragments precluding the formation of deletions.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04895-1
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发表时间:
2018-06-27
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Moraes CT
Moraes CT
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nissanka N;Bacman SR;Plastini MJ;Moraes CT

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线粒体DNA(MtDNA)中的双链断裂会导致线状片段的形成,这些线状片段会迅速降解。然而,执行这一功能的核酸酶(S)的身份尚不清楚。我们发现线粒体DNA聚合酶伽马(Polg)的外切酶功能是线粒体DNA片段快速降解所必需的。Polg以复制无关的方式被招募到线性化的DNA片段上。此外,在没有Polg核酸外切酶活性的情况下,mtDNA线性片段的长期存在会导致mtDNA缺失水平的增加,这是以前在突变小鼠、Polg突变患者和正常衰老患者中发现的。当发生双链断裂时,线粒体DNA片段会迅速降解。在这里,作者揭示了DNA聚合酶伽马的核酸外切酶活性对于这些片段的有效降解和避免形成大的缺失非常重要。
Double-strand breaks in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) result in the formation of linear fragments that are rapidly degraded. However, the identity of the nuclease(s) performing this function is not known. We found that the exonuclease function of the mtDNA polymerase gamma (POLG) is required for this rapid degradation of mtDNA fragments. POLG is recruited to linearized DNA fragments in an origin of replication-independent manner. Moreover, in the absence of POLG exonuclease activity, the prolonged existence of mtDNA linear fragments leads to increased levels of mtDNA deletions, which have been previously identified in the mutator mouse, patients with POLG mutations and normal aging. Mitochondrial DNA fragments are rapidly degraded when double strand breaks occur. Here the authors reveal that the exonuclease activity of polymerase gamma is important for efficient degradation of these fragments and to avoid formation of large deletions.
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