The association of criminal justice supervision setting with overdose mortality: a longitudinal cohort study.
The association of criminal justice supervision setting with overdose mortality: a longitudinal cohort study.
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刑事司法监督协会与过量死亡率：一项纵向队列研究。
DOI：
10.1111/add.15077
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harding DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Binswanger IA;Nguyen AP;Morenoff JD;Xu S;Harding DJ
尽管在美国刑事司法系统中，人们使用药物的流行率很高，但人们对使用模式，药物定罪和监督环境的过量死亡率知之甚少。我们研究了这些特征与过量死亡率之间的关系。回顾性队列研究。2003年至2006年，美国密歇根州因重罪定罪而被判处监禁、监禁、缓刑或监禁和缓刑的个人。使用国家死亡指数，我们评估了截至2012年12月的过量死亡率。我们通过判决前阿片类药物使用，药物定罪和监督环境计算了过量死亡率。使用竞争风险回归和随时间变化的协变量进行多变量分析。在平均随访7.84年（SD = 1.52）的140，266例受试者中，1，131例死亡中有14.9%是由于药物过量（102.8/100，000人-年[PY]）。在随访期间，超过一半的过量死亡发生在社区（57.7%），近三分之一（28.8%）在缓刑期间，12.8%在假释期间。缓刑期间调整后的过量死亡风险（风险比[HR] = 0.71，95% CI = 0.60，0.85）低于未缓刑或假释的社区（HR = 1.00），但假释期间无显著差异（HR = 1.13，95% CI = 0.87，1.47）。判决前每日使用阿片类药物（HR = 3.54，95% CI = 3.24，3.87）与风险增加相关。持有毒品（HR = 1.11，95% CI = 0.93，1.31）和分娩定罪（HR = 0.92，95% CI = 0.77，1.09）与过量死亡率无显著相关性。根据绝对或相对风险，假释，缓刑和社区环境是加强过量预防干预措施的适当设置。确保判决前使用阿片类药物的个人能够获得减少伤害和药物治疗服务，可能有助于防止刑事司法系统所涉人员过量用药。
Despite the high prevalence of substance use among people in the US criminal justice system, little is known about the incidence of overdose mortality by use patterns, drug convictions, and supervision setting. We examined the associations between these characteristics and overdose mortality. Retrospective cohort study. Individuals sentenced to prison, jail, probation, or jail and probation for a felony conviction in Michigan, USA from 2003 to 2006. Using the National Death Index, we assessed overdose mortality through December 2012. We calculated overdose mortality rates by pre-sentence opioid use, drug convictions, and supervision setting. Multivariable analyses were conducted using competing risks regression with time-varying covariates. Among 140,266 individuals followed over a mean of 7.84 years (SD = 1.52), 14.9% of the 1,131 deaths were due to overdose (102.8 per 100,000 person-years [PY]). Over the follow-up, more than half of overdose deaths occurred in the community (57.7%), nearly a third (28.8%) on probation, and 12.8% on parole. The adjusted risk of overdose death was lower on probation (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.85) than in the community without probation or parole (HR = 1.00) but not significantly different on parole (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.87, 1.47). Pre-sentence daily opioid use (HR = 3.54, 95% CI = 3.24, 3.87) was associated with an increased risk. Drug possession (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.93, 1.31) and delivery convictions (HR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.77, 1.09) were not significantly associated with overdose mortality. Based on the absolute or relative risk, parole, probation, and community settings are appropriate settings for enhanced overdose prevention interventions. Ensuring that individuals with pre-sentence opioid use have access to harm reduction and drug treatment services may help to prevent overdose among people involved with the criminal justice system.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Friedmann PD;Hoskinson R;Gordon M;Schwartz R;Kinlock T;Knight K;Flynn PM;Welsh WN;Stein LA;Sacks S;O'Connell DJ;Knudsen HK;Shafer MS;Hall E;Frisman LK;Mat Working Group Of CJ-Dats
通讯作者：
Mat Working Group Of CJ-Dats
DOI：
10.1111/add.13265
发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bird SM;McAuley A;Perry S;Hunter C
通讯作者：
Hunter C
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Chandler, Redonna K.;Fletcher, Bennett W.;Volkow, Nora D.
通讯作者：
Volkow, Nora D.
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Brinkley-Rubinstein, Lauren;Cloud, David H.;Rich, Josiah
通讯作者：
Rich, Josiah
影响因子：
6
作者：
Binswanger, Ingrid A.;Stern, Marc F.;Blatchford, Patrick J.
通讯作者：
Blatchford, Patrick J.