A rise-to-threshold process for a relative-value decision.
A rise-to-threshold process for a relative-value decision.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-023-06271-6
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发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Maimon, Gaby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vijayan, Vikram;Wang, Fei;Wang, Kaiyu;Chakravorty, Arun;Adachi, Atsuko;Akhlaghpour, Hessameddin;Dickson, Barry J.;Maimon, Gaby
尽管在识别与快速提示决策相关的神经信号方面已经取得了进展，但人们对大脑如何引导和终止与动物行为学相关的决策知之甚少，在这些决策中，动物自身的行为控制着几分钟内经历的选择。果蝇需要花费数秒到数分钟的时间来寻找相对价值较高的产卵位点，并具有称为 oviDN 的神经元，其活动满足启动产卵运动程序的必要性和充分性标准。在这里，我们表明，oviDN 表达钙信号，该信号（1）在卵子内部准备（排卵）时下降，（2）在几秒到几分钟内上下漂移（以受底物相对值影响的方式），因为果蝇决定是否产卵，（3）在腹部弯曲以产卵之前达到一致的峰值水平。该信号在大脑中 oviDN 的细胞体中很明显，它可能反映了腹神经索中与行为相关的上升至阈值过程，oviDN 的突触末端位于此处，其输出可以影响行为。我们提供的扰动证据表明，一旦该过程达到阈值，卵沉积运动程序就会启动，并且该过程中的阈下变化调节考虑选项所花费的时间以及最终所采取的选择。最后，我们确定了一个小的循环回路，该回路可馈入 oviDN，并表明其每种组成细胞类型的活性都是产卵所必需的。这些结果表明，上升到阈值的过程调节相对价值、自定进度的决策，并为构建该过程的底层电路机制提供了初步见解。一旦上升到阈值过程达到阈值，果蝇卵沉积运动程序就会启动，并且该过程中的阈值下变化调节考虑选项所花费的时间。
Whereas progress has been made in the identification of neural signals related to rapid, cued decisions, less is known about how brains guide and terminate more ethologically relevant decisions in which an animal’s own behaviour governs the options experienced over minutes. Drosophila search for many seconds to minutes for egg-laying sites with high relative value and have neurons, called oviDNs, whose activity fulfills necessity and sufficiency criteria for initiating the egg-deposition motor programme. Here we show that oviDNs express a calcium signal that (1) dips when an egg is internally prepared (ovulated), (2) drifts up and down over seconds to minutes—in a manner influenced by the relative value of substrates—as a fly determines whether to lay an egg and (3) reaches a consistent peak level just before the abdomen bend for egg deposition. This signal is apparent in the cell bodies of oviDNs in the brain and it probably reflects a behaviourally relevant rise-to-threshold process in the ventral nerve cord, where the synaptic terminals of oviDNs are located and where their output can influence behaviour. We provide perturbational evidence that the egg-deposition motor programme is initiated once this process hits a threshold and that subthreshold variation in this process regulates the time spent considering options and, ultimately, the choice taken. Finally, we identify a small recurrent circuit that feeds into oviDNs and show that activity in each of its constituent cell types is required for laying an egg. These results argue that a rise-to-threshold process regulates a relative-value, self-paced decision and provide initial insight into the underlying circuit mechanism for building this process. The Drosophila egg-deposition motor programme is initiated once a rise-to-threshold process hits a threshold, and subthreshold variation in this process regulates the time spent considering options.
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