Embolic occlusion of internal carotid artery in conscious rats: Immediate effects of cerebral ischemia.
Embolic occlusion of internal carotid artery in conscious rats: Immediate effects of cerebral ischemia.
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DOI：
10.14814/phy2.15613
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在局灶性缺血性卒中的大多数临床前模型中，血管闭塞是在全身麻醉下进行的。然而，麻醉剂对平均动脉血压（MABP）、脑血管张力、需氧量和神经递质受体转导产生混杂效应。此外，大多数研究没有使用血凝块，血凝块可以更全面地模拟栓塞性卒中。在这里，我们开发了一个血块注射模型，以产生大的脑动脉缺血在未麻醉大鼠。在异氟烷麻醉下，通过颈总动脉切开术将留置导管植入颈内动脉，并预装直径为0.38 mm、长度为1.5、3或6 cm的凝块。停止麻醉后，将大鼠放回饲养笼中，恢复正常活动、梳理毛发、进食活动和MABP稳定恢复。1小时后，在10秒内注射凝块，并观察大鼠24小时。注射凝块后出现短暂的烦躁，然后15-20分钟完全不活动，随后20-40分钟出现昏睡活动，1-2小时出现同侧头颈偏斜，2-4小时出现四肢无力和转圈。神经功能缺损、MABP升高、梗死体积和半球含水量增加与血凝块大小直接相关。6 cm凝块注射后的死亡率（53%）高于1.5 cm（10%）或3 cm（20%）注射后的死亡率。合并非存活组的MABP、梗死体积和含水量最大。在所有组中，升压反应与梗死体积相关。使用3 cm凝块的梗死体积变异系数小于使用细丝或标准凝块模型的已发表研究中的变异系数，因此可能为卒中转化研究提供更强的统计功效。6 cm凝块模型的更严重结局可能对恶性卒中的研究有用。在栓塞血栓中风模型的改进中，将不同长度的血凝块注射到未麻醉大鼠的颈内动脉中，产生动脉血压、脑含水量、神经功能缺损和梗死体积的分级增加。动脉压的升高与最终梗死脑组织的体积相关。
In most preclinical models of focal ischemic stroke, vascular occlusion is performed under general anesthesia. However, anesthetic agents exert confounding effects on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), cerebrovascular tone, oxygen demand, and neurotransmitter receptor transduction. Moreover, the majority of studies do not use a blood clot, which more fully models embolic stroke. Here, we developed a blood clot injection model to produce large cerebral artery ischemia in unanesthetized rats. Under isoflurane anesthesia, an indwelling catheter was implanted in the internal carotid artery via a common carotid arteriotomy and preloaded with a 0.38‐mm‐diameter clot of 1.5, 3, or 6 cm length. After discontinuing anesthesia, the rat was returned to a home cage where it regained normal mobility, grooming, eating activity, and a stable recovery of MABP. One hour later, the clot was injected over a 10‐s period and the rats were observed for 24 h. Clot injection produced a brief period of irritability, then 15–20 min of complete inactivity, followed by lethargic activity at 20–40 min, ipsilateral deviation of the head and neck at 1–2 h, and limb weakness and circling at 2–4 h. Neurologic deficits, elevated MABP, infarct volume, and increased hemisphere water content varied directly with clot size. Mortality after 6‐cm clot injection (53%) was greater than that after 1.5‐cm (10%) or 3‐cm (20%) injection. Combined non‐survivor groups had the greatest MABP, infarct volume, and water content. Among all groups, the pressor response correlated with infarct volume. The coefficient of variation of infarct volume with the 3‐cm clot was less than that in published studies with the filament or standard clot models, and therefore may provide stronger statistical power for stroke translational studies. The more severe outcomes from the 6‐cm clot model may be useful for the study of malignant stroke. In a refinement of the embolic clot stroke model, injection of different length blood clots into the internal carotid artery of unanesthetized rats produced graded increases in arterial blood pressure, brain water content, neurological deficits, and infarct volume. The increase in arterial pressure correlated with the eventual volume of infarcted brain tissue.
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DOI：
10.2147/dddt.s56071
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Drug design, development and therapy
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fluri F;Schuhmann MK;Kleinschnitz C
通讯作者：
Kleinschnitz C
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
WALLACE, JD;LEVY, LL
通讯作者：
LEVY, LL
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Beech, JS;Williams, SCR;Menon, DK
通讯作者：
Menon, DK
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Hillis, AE;Ulatowski, JA;Wityk, RJ
通讯作者：
Wityk, RJ
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
DRUMMOND, JC;OH, YS;SHAPIRO, HM
通讯作者：
SHAPIRO, HM