Biological hydrogels as selective diffusion barriers.

Biological hydrogels as selective diffusion barriers.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcb.2011.06.002
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发表时间:
2011-09
影响因子:
19
通讯作者:
Ribbeck K
Ribbeck K
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lieleg O;Ribbeck K

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细胞器、细胞或生物体与其环境之间分子的受控交换对生命至关重要。生物凝胶,如粘液、细胞外基质或核孔内的生物聚合物屏障,非常适合实现这种选择性交换,允许某些分子通过,同时拒绝许多其他分子。尽管基于水凝胶的过滤器是生物学的组成部分,但关于它们的屏障功能是如何在微观层面上控制的,仍然缺乏清晰的概念。在这里,我们总结了我们目前对不同生物聚合物水凝胶如何建立选择性过滤的理解。我们问,生物水凝胶中微观颗粒传输的调节是否基于一般的过滤原理,即使用与过滤分子的生物化学/生物物理相互作用,而不是尺寸排斥效应。
The controlled exchange of molecules between organelles, cells, or organisms and their environment is critical for life. Biological gels such as mucus, the extracellular matrix or the biopolymer barrier within the nuclear pore are well suited to achieve such a selective exchange, allowing for the passage of certain molecules while rejecting many others. Although hydrogel-based filters are integral parts of biology, clear concepts of how their barrier function is controlled on a microscopic level are still missing. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how selective filtering is established by different biopolymer-based hydrogels. We ask if the modulation of microscopic particle transport in biological hydrogels might be based on a generic filtering principle, which employs biochemical/biophysical interactions with the filtered molecules rather than size exclusion effects.
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