The Keck Baryonic Structure Survey: using foreground/background galaxy pairs to trace the structure and kinematics of circumgalactic neutral hydrogen at z ∼ 2

The Keck Baryonic Structure Survey: using foreground/background galaxy pairs to trace the structure and kinematics of circumgalactic neutral hydrogen at z ∼ 2
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凯克重子结构巡天:使用前景/背景星系对追踪 z ≤ 2 处绕星系中性氢的结构和运动学

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/staa2808
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Reddy, Naveen A
Reddy, Naveen A
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Steidel, Charles C;Hummels, Cameron B;Rudie, Gwen C;Trainor, Ryan F;Bogosavljević, Milan;Erb, Dawn K;Pettini, Max;Reddy, Naveen A

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我们提出了在围绕恒星形成星系atz ~ 2的星系周围和星系间介质中中性氢的空间分布和运动学的新测量。利用Keck重子结构巡天的红移< z > = 2.3±0.4的光谱,我们收集了20多万个不同的前景-背景对,投影角距为3-500弧秒,光谱红移分别为< zfg > = 2.23和< zbg > = 2.57(前景红移和背景红移)。利用视线和前景星系的集合构建了相对于星系间平均值的平均过量$\rm{H\,{\小I}}$光学深度作为投影星系中心距离(20 > Dtran/pkpc > 4000)和视线速度的函数的二维图。我们获得了精确的星系系统红移,提供了$\rm{H\,{\小I}}$气体的视距运动学作为投影距离函数的重要信息。我们将这张图与宇宙学的放大模拟相比较,发现两者在质量上是一致的。一个简单的双组分(吸积,流出)分析模型通常再现了观测到的$\rm{H\,{\小I}}$的视距运动学和投影空间分布。最佳拟合模型表明:$\rm{H\,{\小I}}$ atDtran≈50 kpc的运动以初始速度为vout≃600 km的星系尺度外流为主,而$\rm{H\,{\小I}}$ atDtran > 100 kpc的运动以特征速度为vout >圆速度的流入为主。在碰撞参数80≤Dtran/pkpc≤200的范围内,$\rm{H\,{\small I}}$视距速度范围达到最小值,相应的静帧等效宽度趋于平缓。这些观测结果可以很自然地解释为流出为主和吸积为主的流动之间的过渡。当超过dtran时,视距运动学以哈勃膨胀为主。
We present new measurements of the spatial distribution and kinematics of neutral hydrogen in the circumgalactic and intergalactic medium surrounding star-forming galaxies atz∼ 2. Using the spectra of ≃3000 galaxies with redshifts 〈z〉 = 2.3 ± 0.4 from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey, we assemble a sample of more than 200 000 distinct foreground-background pairs with projected angular separations of 3–500 arcsec and spectroscopic redshifts, with 〈zfg〉 = 2.23 and 〈zbg〉 = 2.57 (foreground, background redshifts, respectively.) The ensemble of sightlines and foreground galaxies is used to construct a 2D map of the mean excess $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$optical depth relative to the intergalactic mean as a function of projected galactocentric distance (20 ≲Dtran/pkpc ≲ 4000) and line-of-sight velocity. We obtain accurate galaxy systemic redshifts, providing significant information on the line-of-sight kinematics of $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ gas as a function of projected distanceDtran. We compare the map with cosmological zoom-in simulation, finding qualitative agreement between them. A simple two-component (accretion, outflow) analytical model generally reproduces the observed line-of-sight kinematics and projected spatial distribution of $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$. The best-fitting model suggests that galaxy-scale outflows with initial velocityvout≃ 600 km sdominate the kinematics of circumgalactic $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ out toDtran≃ 50 kpc, while $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ atDtran≳ 100 kpc is dominated by infall with characteristicvin≲ circular velocity. Over the impact parameter range 80 ≲Dtran/pkpc ≲ 200, the $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ line-of-sight velocity range reaches a minimum, with a corresponding flattening in the rest-frameequivalent width. These observations can be naturally explained as the transition between outflow-dominated and accretion-dominated flows. BeyondDtran≃ 300 pkpc (∼1 cMpc), the line-of-sight kinematics are dominated by Hubble expansion.
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