Immune ageing at single-cell resolution.
Immune ageing at single-cell resolution.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41577-021-00646-4
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Artyomov MN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mogilenko DA;Shchukina I;Artyomov MN
衰老会导致免疫系统的深刻变化，并增加对一些慢性、传染性和自身免疫性疾病的易感性。近年来，单细胞技术的广泛应用使我们对衰老免疫系统的理解取得了实质性进展。这些综合办法扩大并详细阐述了目前对老龄化和免疫力的看法。在这里，我们回顾了最近的一系列研究，这些研究探索了免疫系统如何在单细胞分辨率下使用无偏见的剖析技术来老化。具体地说，我们讨论了与年龄相关的先天和获得性免疫细胞群体的变化，抗原受体谱系和周围组织的免疫细胞支持微环境的紧急理解。聚焦于在老鼠和人类身上获得的结果，我们描述了与免疫衰老的既定概念相一致的多维数据，以及从这些研究中出现的新见解。我们进一步讨论该领域的悬而未决的问题，并强调将在未来促进我们对免疫衰老的理解的技术。在单细胞水平上研究衰老提供了对随着我们年龄的增长而发生的系统和组织变化的洞察。例如，我们现在对免疫细胞老化的异质性和动态性质以及与年龄相关的组织重塑对免疫系统的影响有了更大的认识，共同增加了对某些疾病的脆弱性。
Ageing leads to profound alterations in the immune system and increases susceptibility to some chronic, infectious and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, widespread application of single-cell techniques has enabled substantial progress in our understanding of the ageing immune system. These comprehensive approaches have expanded and detailed the current views of ageing and immunity. Here we review a body of recent studies that explored how the immune system ages using unbiased profiling techniques at single-cell resolution. Specifically, we discuss an emergent understanding of age-related alterations in innate and adaptive immune cell populations, antigen receptor repertoires and immune cell-supporting microenvironments of the peripheral tissues. Focusing on the results obtained in mice and humans, we describe the multidimensional data that align with established concepts of immune ageing as well as novel insights emerging from these studies. We further discuss outstanding questions in the field and highlight techniques that will advance our understanding of immune ageing in the future. Studying ageing at the single-cell level has provided insight into the changes that occur systemically and in tissues as we age. For example, we now have a greater appreciation of the heterogeneity and dynamic nature of immune cell ageing and of the impact of age-associated tissue remodelling on the immune system, together contributing to increased vulnerability to some diseases.
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