Environmental drivers of viral community composition in Antarctic soils identified by viromics.
Environmental drivers of viral community composition in Antarctic soils identified by viromics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s40168-017-0301-7
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-19
期刊：
影响因子：
15.5
通讯作者：
Cowan DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adriaenssens EM;Kramer R;Van Goethem MW;Makhalanyane TP;Hogg I;Cowan DA
南极大陆被认为是地球上最寒冷和最干燥的地方，生态系统简单，没有高等植物。众所周知，南极洲无冰地区的土壤中存在着从初级生产者到食草动物的各种微生物，但人们对它们的生态，特别是病毒的作用知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了14个土壤样品的病毒群落结构从麦凯冰川地区。从土壤中提取病毒群落，提取dsDNA，使用单引物扩增进行扩增，并使用Ion Torrent Proton平台进行测序。从所有地点收集了土壤物理化学元数据。使用参考独立和参考依赖方法分析read和contig数据集，以评估病毒群落结构以及环境参数对其分布的影响。我们观察到病毒特征的高度异质性，与地理邻近无关。尾噬菌体占主导地位，在所有的样品，但发病率的附属家庭Siphoviridae和Myoviridae呈负相关，这表明直接竞争的主机。藻DNA病毒科和拟病毒科的病毒在高多样性的土壤样品中以显着的水平存在，并被发现共存，这意味着它们之间的竞争很小。土壤因素的组合，包括pH值，钙含量和网站海拔高度，被认为是病毒群落结构的主要驱动因素。在较低的海拔和pH值下，病毒群落结构具有较高的多样性水平，以及共同出现的病毒家族，表明这些寒冷的沙漠土壤病毒以复杂的方式相互作用，在维持南极土壤极端环境中的微生物生态系统的宿主多样性和功能方面发挥着潜在的关键作用。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s40168-017-0301-7）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The Antarctic continent is considered the coldest and driest place on earth with simple ecosystems, devoid of higher plants. Soils in the ice-free regions of Antarctica are known to harbor a wide range of microorganisms from primary producers to grazers, yet their ecology and particularly the role of viruses is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the virus community structures of 14 soil samples from the Mackay Glacier region. Viral communities were extracted from soil and the dsDNA was extracted, amplified using single-primer amplification, and sequenced using the Ion Torrent Proton platform. Metadata on soil physico-chemistry was collected from all sites. Both read and contig datasets were analyzed with reference-independent and reference-dependent methods to assess viral community structures and the influence of environmental parameters on their distribution. We observed a high heterogeneity in virus signatures, independent of geographical proximity. Tailed bacteriophages were dominant in all samples, but the incidences of the affiliated families Siphoviridae and Myoviridae were inversely correlated, suggesting direct competition for hosts. Viruses of the families Phycodnaviridae and Mimiviridae were present at significant levels in high-diversity soil samples and were found to co-occur, implying little competition between them. Combinations of soil factors, including pH, calcium content, and site altitude, were found to be the main drivers of viral community structure. The pattern of viral community structure with higher levels of diversity at lower altitude and pH, and co-occurring viral families, suggests that these cold desert soil viruses interact with each other, the host, and the environment in an intricate manner, playing a potentially crucial role in maintaining host diversity and functioning of the microbial ecosystem in the extreme environments of Antarctic soil. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0301-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
Fell, Jack W.;Scorzetti, Gloria;Craig, Scott
通讯作者：
Craig, Scott
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kim, Kyoung-Ho;Bae, Jin-Woo
通讯作者：
Bae, Jin-Woo
影响因子：
11.3
作者：
Edwards RA;McNair K;Faust K;Raes J;Dutilh BE
通讯作者：
Dutilh BE
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Aguirre de Cárcer D;López-Bueno A;Pearce DA;Alcamí A
通讯作者：
Alcamí A
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
Allers E;Moraru C;Duhaime MB;Beneze E;Solonenko N;Barrero-Canosa J;Amann R;Sullivan MB
通讯作者：
Sullivan MB