Neoantigen Controversies.

Neoantigen Controversies.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-092820-112713
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发表时间:
2021-07-20
期刊:
Annual review of biomedical data science
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其他
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下一代测序技术彻底改变了我们对肿瘤基因组体细胞突变进行分类的能力。这些突变有时会产生所谓的新抗原,使免疫系统能够检测并消除肿瘤细胞。然而,基于分子差异刺激免疫系统消除肿瘤的努力并没有取得预期的成功,而且关于新抗原在这种方法成功中的作用存在相互矛盾的报道。在这里,我们回顾了文献中一些相互矛盾的证据,并强调了肿瘤-免疫界面的关键方面,这些方面正在成为突变衍生的新抗原是否有助于免疫治疗反应的主要决定因素。考虑到这些因素有望提高未来免疫治疗方法的成功率。
Next-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized our ability to catalog the landscape of somatic mutations in tumor genomes. These mutations can sometimes create so-called neoantigens, which allow the immune system to detect and eliminate tumor cells. However, efforts that stimulate the immune system to eliminate tumors based on their molecular differences have had less success than has been hoped for, and there are conflicting reports about the role of neoantigens in the success of this approach. Here we review some of the conflicting evidence in the literature and highlight key aspects of the tumor–immune interface that are emerging as major determinants of whether mutation-derived neoantigens will contribute to an immunotherapy response. Accounting for these factors is expected to improve success rates of future immunotherapy approaches.
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