γ-Ketobenzyl-Modified Nucleoside Triphosphate Prodrugs as Potential Antivirals.

γ-Ketobenzyl-Modified Nucleoside Triphosphate Prodrugs as Potential Antivirals.
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γ-酮苄基修饰的核苷三磷酸前药作为潜在的抗病毒药物

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01293
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Balzarini
Balzarini
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Oliveira;Schols;Balzarini

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核苷逆转录酶抑制剂的抗病毒活性常常因磷酸化不足而受到阻碍。提供了核苷三磷酸类似物,其中 γ-磷酸盐被非生物可逆的亲脂性 4-烷基酮苄基部分共价修饰。有趣的是,使用人类免疫缺陷病毒逆转录酶 (HIV-RT) 和三种 DNA 聚合酶进行的引物延伸测定显示,这些 γ 修饰的三磷酸核苷作为 HIV-RT 的底物具有高选择性,而事实证明它们不是 DNA 聚合酶 α、β 和 γ 的非底物。与 d4TTP 相比,γ 修饰的 d4TTP 在细胞提取物中表现出对去磷酸化的高抗性。制备了这些γ-酮苄基核苷三磷酸的一系列酰氧基苄基前药。目的是在细胞内递送稳定的γ-修饰的三磷酸核苷,以提高此类化合物在感染细胞和未感染细胞中作用的选择性。 T 淋巴细胞提取物中证实了 γ-酮苄基-d4TTP 的传递。这些前药在受感染的 CEM/0 细胞培养物中是有效的 HIV-1/2 抑制剂,更重要的是在胸苷激酶缺陷的 CD4+T 细胞中。
The antiviral activity of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is often hampered by insufficient phosphorylation. Nucleoside triphosphate analogues are presented, in which the γ-phosphate was covalently modified by a non-bioreversible, lipophilic 4-alkylketobenzyl moiety. Interestingly, primer extension assays using human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (HIV-RT) and three DNA-polymerases showed a high selectivity of these γ-modified nucleoside triphosphates to act as substrates for HIV-RT, while they proved to be nonsubstrates for DNA-polymerases α, β, and γ. In contrast to d4TTP, the γ-modified d4TTPs showed a high resistance toward dephosphorylation in cell extracts. A series of acyloxybenzyl-prodrugs of these γ-ketobenzyl nucleoside triphosphates was prepared. The aim was the intracellular delivery of a stable γ-modified nucleoside triphosphate to increase the selectivity of such compounds to act in infected versus noninfected cells. Delivery of γ-ketobenzyl-d4TTPs was proven in T-lymphocyte cell extracts. The prodrugs were potent inhibitors of HIV-1/2 in cultures of infected CEM/0 cells and more importantly in thymidine kinase-deficient CD4+T-cells.
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DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90178-5
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