Physiological and pathological consequences of cellular senescence.

Physiological and pathological consequences of cellular senescence.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-014-1691-3
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发表时间:
2014-11
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Krizhanovsky, Valery
Krizhanovsky, Valery
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Burton, Dominick G. A.;Krizhanovsky, Valery

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细胞衰老是一种伴随复杂表型的细胞周期停滞的永久状态,是限制肿瘤发生和组织损伤的重要机制。在生理条件下,免疫系统可以清除衰老细胞,促进肿瘤抑制和伤口愈合。然而,随着年龄的增长,衰老细胞会在组织中积累,这要么是因为衰老的免疫系统无法清除它们,要么是因为衰老细胞形成的速度加快,或者两者兼而有之。如果衰老细胞持续存在于组织中,它们就有可能矛盾地促进病理状况。细胞衰老与增强的促生存表型相关,这很可能促进衰老细胞在体内的持续存在。这种表型可能已经进化到有利于促进短期伤口愈合,然后免疫系统消除衰老细胞。在这篇综述中,我们提供了关于衰老细胞的触发因素、机制以及生理和病理后果的观点。
Cellular senescence, a permanent state of cell cycle arrest accompanied by a complex phenotype, is an essential mechanism that limits tumorigenesis and tissue damage. In physiological conditions, senescent cells can be removed by the immune system, facilitating tumor suppression and wound healing. However, as we age, senescent cells accumulate in tissues, either because an aging immune system fails to remove them, the rate of senescent cell formation is elevated, or both. If senescent cells persist in tissues, they have the potential to paradoxically promote pathological conditions. Cellular senescence is associated with an enhanced pro-survival phenotype, which most likely promotes persistence of senescent cells in vivo. This phenotype may have evolved to favor facilitation of a short-term wound healing, followed by the elimination of senescent cells by the immune system. In this review, we provide a perspective on the triggers, mechanisms and physiological as well as pathological consequences of senescent cells.
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