Low endemism, continued deep-shallow interchanges, and evidence for cosmopolitan distributions in free-living marine nematodes (order Enoplida).
Low endemism, continued deep-shallow interchanges, and evidence for cosmopolitan distributions in free-living marine nematodes (order Enoplida).
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低特有性、持续的深浅互换以及自由生活的海洋线虫（Enoplida 目）的世界性分布的证据。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-10-389
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发表时间：
2010-12-18
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Lambshead PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bik HM;Thomas WK;Lunt DH;Lambshead PJ
线虫是地球上最大的栖息地之一--深海中数量最多的底栖后生动物。描述这个主导群体内生物多样性的主要模式是了解这个庞大生态系统进化模式的关键一步。本研究旨在将深海线虫物种纳入系统发育框架，调查浅水和深海类群之间的关系，并阐明深海动物群之间的地理格局。分子数据（18 S和28 S rRNA）证实了深海Enoplids之间的高度多样性。没有证据表明在最大李克群或贝叶斯群中存在地方性深海谱系，伊诺普虫也不会根据深度或地理位置聚类。树的拓扑结构表明深海和浅水栖息地之间的频繁交换，以及早期的辐射和最近派生的血统之间的深海类群的混合物。这项研究还提供了令人信服的证据，世界性的海洋物种，恢复Oncholaimid线虫的一个子集具有相同的基因序列（18 S，28 S和cox 1）在跨大西洋的样本点。在Enoplida恢复复杂的分支结构支持海洋线虫的全球物种丰富度高，与海洋地理格局表明存在密切相关的，全球分布的物种复合体在深海。真正的世界性物种可能也存在于这个群体中，可能是由Enoplids的特定生活史特征驱动的。虽然这项调查的目的是集中样本线虫的命令Enoplida，标本只确定到属（最好的），我们的采样制度集中在一个无穷小的一小部分深海海底。未来的线虫研究应包括一个扩展的样本集，覆盖广泛的深度范围（货架，半深海，深海网站），利用额外的遗传位点（如线粒体DNA），在物种水平上提供信息，并应用高通量测序方法，充分分析社区的多样性。最后，需要进一步的分子研究来确定在Enoplids中观察到的地理分布模式是否在其他普遍存在的海洋群体（例如Chromadorida，Monhysterida）中是共同的。
Nematodes represent the most abundant benthic metazoa in one of the largest habitats on earth, the deep sea. Characterizing major patterns of biodiversity within this dominant group is a critical step towards understanding evolutionary patterns across this vast ecosystem. The present study has aimed to place deep-sea nematode species into a phylogenetic framework, investigate relationships between shallow water and deep-sea taxa, and elucidate phylogeographic patterns amongst the deep-sea fauna. Molecular data (18 S and 28 S rRNA) confirms a high diversity amongst deep-sea Enoplids. There is no evidence for endemic deep-sea lineages in Maximum Likelihood or Bayesian phylogenies, and Enoplids do not cluster according to depth or geographic location. Tree topologies suggest frequent interchanges between deep-sea and shallow water habitats, as well as a mixture of early radiations and more recently derived lineages amongst deep-sea taxa. This study also provides convincing evidence of cosmopolitan marine species, recovering a subset of Oncholaimid nematodes with identical gene sequences (18 S, 28 S and cox1) at trans-Atlantic sample sites. The complex clade structures recovered within the Enoplida support a high global species richness for marine nematodes, with phylogeographic patterns suggesting the existence of closely related, globally distributed species complexes in the deep sea. True cosmopolitan species may additionally exist within this group, potentially driven by specific life history traits of Enoplids. Although this investigation aimed to intensively sample nematodes from the order Enoplida, specimens were only identified down to genus (at best) and our sampling regime focused on an infinitesimal small fraction of the deep-sea floor. Future nematode studies should incorporate an extended sample set covering a wide depth range (shelf, bathyal, and abyssal sites), utilize additional genetic loci (e.g. mtDNA) that are informative at the species level, and apply high-throughput sequencing methods to fully assay community diversity. Finally, further molecular studies are needed to determine whether phylogeographic patterns observed in Enoplids are common across other ubiquitous marine groups (e.g. Chromadorida, Monhysterida).
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Danovaro R;Dell'Anno A;Pusceddu A;Gambi C;Heiner I;Kristensen RM
通讯作者：
Kristensen RM
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
HESSLER, RR;THISTLE, D
通讯作者：
THISTLE, D
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
De Mesel, Ilse;Lee, Hee Joong;Vanreusel, Ann
通讯作者：
Vanreusel, Ann
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bhadury, P.;Austen, M. C.;Smerdon, G. R.
通讯作者：
Smerdon, G. R.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Danovaro, Roberto;Gambi, Cristina;Gooday, Andrew J.
通讯作者：
Gooday, Andrew J.