Involvement of the olfactory system in the induction of anti-fatigue effects by odorants.
Involvement of the olfactory system in the induction of anti-fatigue effects by odorants.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0195263
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Watanabe Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito N;Yamano E;Ishii A;Tanaka M;Nakamura J;Watanabe Y
最近阐明了先天气味诱发反应的神经回路的一些组成部分。嗅觉受体检测到的气味信息从嗅球传输到皮质杏仁核，在那里控制生理和情绪状态，例如吸引或回避。因此，特定嗅觉受体的激活可以引起生理和/或心理状态的变化。在这里，我们检查了气味剂 Hex-Hex Mix，据报道它具有抗疲劳作用。疲劳是一种普遍存在的疾病，通常与过度劳累和心理压力有关。人们已经开发出各种抗疲劳疗法，包括补充剂和气味剂。然而，这些物质抗疲劳作用的机制目前尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们分析了嗅觉系统在这种效应背后的机制中的参与。我们鉴定了 Hex-Hex Mix 激活的人类嗅觉受体，并评估了新开发的气味剂激活这些嗅觉受体是否会引起与 Hex-Hex Mix 类似的抗疲劳效果。我们通过行为测试评估了抗疲劳效果，17 名健康男性在接触或不接触新气味剂的情况下进行了 2-back 测试，作为疲劳诱导任务。在任务之前和之后，参与者立即执行认知任务以评估他们的精神疲劳程度。我们发现，在疲劳诱发过程中，有气味条件和无气味条件下，评估阶段认知任务的正确反应率差异值显着不同，这表明新气味剂可以提高疲劳诱发条件下的表现。结果表明，新气味剂激活与 Hex-Hex Mix 相同的嗅觉受体，据报道，Hex-Hex Mix 具有抗疲劳作用。我们的研究结果表明，嗅觉系统中的嗅觉受体可能与疲劳的减弱有关。
Some components of the neural circuits underlying innate odor-evoked responses have recently been elucidated. Odor information detected by the olfactory receptors is transmitted from the olfactory bulb to the cortical amygdala, where physiological and emotional states such as attraction or avoidance are controlled. Thus, activation of specific olfactory receptors can elicit changes in physiological and/or psychological state. Here, we examined on the odorant Hex-Hex Mix, which has been reported to induce anti-fatigue effects. Fatigue is a prevalent condition that is often related to overwork and psychological stress. Various anti-fatigue treatments have been developed, including supplements and odorants. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-fatigue effects of these substances are currently unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the involvement of the olfactory system in the mechanisms underlying this effect. We identified the human olfactory receptors activated by Hex-Hex Mix, and evaluated whether activation of these olfactory receptors by a newly developed odorant elicited a similar anti-fatigue effect to Hex-Hex Mix. We assessed anti-fatigue effects with behavioral tests, and 17 healthy males performed the 2-back test as a fatigue-inducing task with or without exposure to the new odorant. Immediately before and after the task, participants performed a cognitive task to evaluate their level of mental fatigue. We found that the difference value of the correct response rate on the cognitive task in the evaluation session was significantly different between in the odorant condition and in the without-odorant condition during the fatigue-inducing session suggesting that the new odorant may improve performance in the fatigue-inducing condition. The results indicated that the new odorant activates the same olfactory receptors as Hex-Hex Mix, which has been reported to induce anti-fatigue effects. Our findings suggest that the olfactory receptors in the olfactory system may be involved in the attenuation of fatigue.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Keller, Andreas;Zhuang, Hanyi;Matsunami, Hiroaki
通讯作者：
Matsunami, Hiroaki
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Aou, SJ;Mizuno, M;Hatanaka, A
通讯作者：
Hatanaka, A
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Mombaerts, P;Wang, F;Axel, R
通讯作者：
Axel, R
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Malnic, B;Hirono, J;Buck, LB
通讯作者：
Buck, LB
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Finkelmeyer, Andreas;Kellermann, Thilo;Reske, Martina
通讯作者：
Reske, Martina