Brain mediators of cardiovascular responses to social threat, part II: Prefrontal-subcortical pathways and relationship with anxiety.
Brain mediators of cardiovascular responses to social threat, part II: Prefrontal-subcortical pathways and relationship with anxiety.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.044
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发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Ochsner, Kevin N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wager, Tor D.;van Ast, Vanessa A.;Hughes, Brent L.;Davidson, Matthew L.;Lindquist, Martin A.;Ochsner, Kevin N.
社会评价性威胁（SET）是一种与自主神经和内分泌反应以及多种健康问题相关的人类潜在压力源。神经影像学最近已经开始阐明SET的脑相关性，但对人类中的介导皮质-脑干通路知之甚少。本文复制和扩展的结果，在配套文件中使用一个独立的队列的参与者和不同的图像采集参数。在这里，我们特别关注内侧前额叶皮层（MPFC），中脑导水管周围灰质（PAG）和心率（HR）之间的关系。我们应用多水平路径分析来定位SET对HR和自我报告焦虑的影响的脑介质。HR反应由MPFC的两个不同子区域中的相反信号介导--头侧背侧前扣带皮层（rdACC）的增加和腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）的失活。此外，PAG介导HR反应。额外的路径分析提供了支持两个皮层下的途径：一个连接vmPFC，PAG，和HR，另一个连接rdACC，丘脑，和HR. PAG反应与HR变化之前和SET期间，而皮层区域显示出更强的连接与HR在威胁。自我报告的焦虑表现出部分重叠，但较弱，模式的介质，包括vmPFC，背内侧PFC（dmPFC），和侧额叶皮层，以及大量的个体差异，在很大程度上无法解释。总之，这些数据表明，社会威胁转化为生理和经验反应的途径，并为未来的研究提供目标的产生和调节情绪。
Social evaluative threat (SET) is a potent stressor in humans linked to autonomic and endocrine responses, and multiple health problems. Neuroimaging has recently begun to elucidate the brain correlates of SET, but as yet little is known about the mediating cortical-brainstem pathways in humans. This paper replicates and extends findings in a companion paper using an independent cohort of participants and different image acquisition parameters. Here, we focused specifically on relationships between the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG), and heart rate (HR). We applied multi-level path analysis to localize brain mediators of SET effects on HR and self-reported anxiety. HR responses were mediated by opposing signals in two distinct sub-regions of the MPFC—increases in rostral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (rdACC) and deactivation in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). In addition, HR responses were mediated by PAG. Additional path analyses provided support for two cortical subcortical pathways: one linking vmPFC, PAG, and HR, and another linking rdACC, thalamus, and HR. PAG responses were linked with HR changes both before and during SET, whereas cortical regions showed stronger connectivity with HR during threat. Self-reported anxiety showed a partially overlapping, but weaker, pattern of mediators, including the vmPFC, dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC), and lateral frontal cortex, as well as substantial individual differences that were largely unexplained. Taken together, these data suggest pathways for the translation of social threats into both physiological and experiential responses, and provide targets for future research on the generation and regulation of emotion.
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