Increased rate of isolation of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in a children's hospital and in vitro susceptibilities to antibiotics of potential therapeutic use
Increased rate of isolation of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in a children's hospital and in vitro susceptibilities to antibiotics of potential therapeutic use
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儿童医院耐青霉素肺炎链球菌的分离率和体外对潜在治疗用途抗生素的敏感性增加
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Jill Tillman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. O. Mason;Sheldon L. Kaplan;L. Lamberth;Jill Tillman
对青霉素高度和中度耐药的肺炎链球菌的分离自1989年以来有所增加，平均占所有分离株的12.1%。我们测定了95株(34株对青霉素敏感，42株对青霉素中度耐药，19株对青霉素耐药)对16种可能用于治疗肺炎链球菌疾病的抗菌药的敏感性。用添加5%马血的Mueller-Hinton肉汤进行肉汤大量稀释法测定对青霉素的敏感性。当最低抑菌浓度大于或等于2.0微克/毫升时为高度耐药，当最低抑菌浓度在0.1至1.0微克/毫升之间时为中等抗性，当最低抑菌浓度小于0.1微克/毫升时为敏感。19株对青霉素高度耐药的菌株中有15株从儿童中耳中分离出来。从脑脊液中回收的菌株对青霉素均无高度耐药。对青霉素高度耐药的菌株中有15株属于第6群青霉素。用琼脂稀释法测定对其他抗生素的敏感性，琼脂稀释法用含5%裂解马血的Mueller-Hinton琼脂，用复制装置每点接种10(4)cfu。除氯霉素、环丙沙星、利福平和万古霉素外，90%的菌株对青霉素的耐药率随着青霉素耐药性的增加而增加。无论青霉素耐药的分类如何，根据美国国家临床实验室标准委员会的解释指南，所有的分离株都被归类为对头孢噻肟、头孢匹罗、头孢泊辛、克拉霉素、亚胺培南、利福平和万古霉素敏感。在现有指南的基础上解释敏感性是困难的，因为没有专门适用于肺炎链球菌的敏感性指南。
The isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae with both high and intermediate resistance to penicillin has increased in our institution since 1989 to an average of 12.1% of all isolates. We determined the susceptibilities of 95 isolates (34 susceptible to penicillin, 42 intermediate in resistance to penicillin, and 19 resistant to penicillin) to 16 antimicrobial agents of potential use in the treatment of disease caused by S. pneumoniae. Susceptibility to penicillin was determined by broth macrodilution with Mueller-Hinton broth supplemented with 5% lysed horse blood. Isolates were classified as highly resistant when the MIC was greater than or equal to 2.0 micrograms/ml, intermediate in resistance when the MIC was between 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/ml, and susceptible when the MIC was less than 0.1 microgram/ml. Fifteen of 19 isolates found to be highly resistant to penicillin were recovered from the middle ear of children. None of the isolates recovered from cerebrospinal fluid was highly resistant to penicillin. Fifteen of these isolates highly resistant to penicillin were found to be serogroup 6. Susceptibilities to other antibiotics were determined by the agar dilution method with Mueller-Hinton agar containing 5% lysed horse blood and an inoculum of 10(4) CFU per spot delivered by a replicator device. The MIC for 90% of isolates increased with increasing penicillin resistance for all antibiotics tested, except chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, rifampin, and vancomycin. Regardless of the classification of penicillin resistance, all isolates were classified as susceptible to cefotaxime, cefpirome, cefpodoxime, clarithromycin, imipenem, rifampin, and vancomycin on the basis of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards interpretive guidelines. Interpretation of susceptibilities on the basis of currently available guidelines is difficult in that susceptibility guidelines applicable specifically to S. pneumoniae are not available.
匈牙利肺炎链球菌临床分离株抗生素耐药性发生率极高。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/163.3.542
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Marton,A;Gulyas,M;Munoz,R;Tomasz,A
通讯作者：
Tomasz,A
儿童医院的青霉素-中度肺炎球菌。
DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140120100037
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
American journal of diseases of children (1960)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Willett,LD;DillonJr,HC;Gray,BM
通讯作者：
Gray,BM