Perceptual Compensation Is Correlated with Individuals' “Autistic” Traits: Implications for Models of Sound Change
Perceptual Compensation Is Correlated with Individuals' “Autistic” Traits: Implications for Models of Sound Change
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知觉补偿与个人的“自闭症”特征相关：对声音变化模型的影响
作者：
A. Yu
变异是言语的普遍特征。听者必须考虑到上下文引起的变化，以恢复对话者的预期信息。当听众未能正常化的上下文引起的变化，偏差的感知成为新的感知和生产规范的种子。问题是偏差感知如何以系统的方式积累，从而引起声音的变化（即，新的发音规范）。本研究考察了被试对/s/和//在/a/或/u/之前由男性或女性声音说出的分类。基于自闭症谱系状况的现代认知理论，根据认知处理风格的个体差异，自闭症谱系状况的变化，我们建立了个体对语音背景的正常化之间的显著相关性（即，后面的元音是/a/还是/u/）和说话者语音变化（即，无论说话者是男性还是女性）的言语和他们的“自闭症”特征，如自闭症谱系商数（AQ）所测量的。特别是，我们的混合效应逻辑回归模型显示，AQ低的女性（即，最不“自闭症”的人）的语音协同发音不像男性和高AQ女性那样正常化。这项研究提供了第一个直接的证据表明，在人类的能力，以弥补上下文引起的变化，在语音感知是由个人的性别和认知处理风格的变化。这些发现支持了一个假设，即系统地注入新的语言变体（即，异常感知）源自语音社区的子段，该子段始终对语音中的上下文变化补偿不足。
Variation is a ubiquitous feature of speech. Listeners must take into account context-induced variation to recover the interlocutor's intended message. When listeners fail to normalize for context-induced variation properly, deviant percepts become seeds for new perceptual and production norms. In question is how deviant percepts accumulate in a systematic fashion to give rise to sound change (i.e., new pronunciation norms) within a given speech community. The present study investigated subjects' classification of /s/ and // before /a/ or /u/ spoken by a male or a female voice. Building on modern cognitive theories of autism-spectrum condition, which see variation in autism-spectrum condition in terms of individual differences in cognitive processing style, we established a significant correlation between individuals' normalization for phonetic context (i.e., whether the following vowel is /a/ or /u/) and talker voice variation (i.e., whether the talker is male or female) in speech and their “autistic” traits, as measured by the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). In particular, our mixed-effect logistic regression models show that women with low AQ (i.e., the least “autistic”) do not normalize for phonetic coarticulation as much as men and high AQ women. This study provides first direct evidence that variability in human's ability to compensate for context-induced variations in speech perceptually is governed by the individual's sex and cognitive processing style. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that the systematic infusion of new linguistic variants (i.e., the deviant percepts) originate from a sub-segment of the speech community that consistently under-compensates for contextual variation in speech.
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DOI：
10.1121/1.2018516
发表时间：
1980-04
期刊：
Perception & psychophysics
影响因子：
--
作者：
V. Mann
通讯作者：
V. Mann
影响因子：
--
作者：
Constantino, JN;Todd, RD
通讯作者：
Todd, RD
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Courchesne,E;Townsend,J;Akshoomoff,NA;Saitoh,O;Yeung-Courchesne,R;Lincoln,AJ;James,HE;Haas,RH;Schreibman,L;Lau,L
通讯作者：
Lau,L
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Jaeger, T. Florian
通讯作者：
Jaeger, T. Florian