Decoherence and relaxation in the interacting quantum dot system

Decoherence and relaxation in the interacting quantum dot system
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相互作用的量子点系统中的退相干和弛豫

DOI:
10.1209/0295-5075/85/17003
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发表时间:
2008-09
期刊:
EPL
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Weng, M. Q.
Weng, M. Q.
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Weng, M. Q.

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在本文中,我们通过求解运动方程来研究由连接到两条引线的量子点组成的系统中电子的低温动力学。研究了由栅极电压噪声和电子声子散射引起的系统的退相干和弛豫。为了考虑到该系统中电子的强相关性,使用改进的矩阵乘积态算法计算准精确波函数。该算法使我们能够以满意的精度计算基态和低激发态的波函数,从而使我们能够更有效地研究系统的动力学。研究发现,虽然这两种机制都与点中的电子数算子成正比,但动力学却截然不同。噪声引起的退相干比能量弛豫更有效,而电子声子散射的能量弛豫和退相干时间具有相同的量级。此外,噪声引起的退相干随着点水平的降低而增加,但由于电子声子散射而导致的弛豫和退相干减少。
In this paper we study the low-temperature kinetics of the electrons in the system composed of a quantum dot connected to two leads by solving the equation of motion. The decoherence and the relaxation of the system caused by the gate voltage noise and electron-phonon scattering are investigated. In order to take account of the strong correlation of the electrons in this system, the quasi-exact wave functions are calculated using an improved matrix product states algorithm. This algorithm enables us to calculate the wave functions of the ground state and the low-lying excited states with satisfied accuracy and thus enables us to study the kinetics of the system more effectively. It is found that although both of these two mechanisms are proportional to the electron number operator in the dot, the kinetics are quite different. The noise-induced decoherence is much more effective than the energy relaxation, while the energy relaxation and decoherence time are of the same order for the electron-phonon scattering. Moreover, the noise-induced decoherence increases with the lowering of the dot level, but the relaxation and decoherence due to the electron-phonon scattering decrease.
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