Regulation of myeloid-cell activation.

Regulation of myeloid-cell activation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2021.09.004
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发表时间:
2021-12
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Freedman TS
Freedman TS
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Greene JT;Brian BF 4th;Senevirathne SE;Freedman TS

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Myeloid cells (macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and granulocytes) survey the body for signs of infection and tissue damage and regulate tissue homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. They express receptors that initiate the inflammatory response, send signals that alter the vascular and cytokine milieu, and oversee the recruitment, differentiation, and activation of other myeloid and adaptive immune cells. Their activation must therefore be tightly regulated, optimized for maximal innate-immune protection with a minimum of collateral tissue damage or disorganization. In this review we discuss what it means for myeloid cells to become activated, with emphasis on the receptors and signaling molecules important for the recognition of pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns. We also outline how these signals are regulated by the steric properties of proteins, by adhesive and cytoskeletal interactions, and by negative feedback to keep inflammation in check and support healthy tissue development and homeostasis. Throughout the text we highlight recent publications and reviews that illustrate key elements of myeloid-cell regulation and direct readers therein for a comprehensive bibliography. Myeloid cells (macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and granulocytes) survey tissues for signs of infection and damage and regulate tissue homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. They express receptors that initiate the inflammatory response, alter the vascular and cytokine milieu, and oversee the recruitment, differentiation, and activation of other myeloid and adaptive immune cells. Their activation must therefore be tightly regulated, optimized for maximal protection with minimum collateral tissue damage. Here we discuss what it means for myeloid cells to become activated, with emphasis on receptors and signaling molecules recognizing pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns. We outline how these signals are regulated by steric properties of proteins, adhesive and cytoskeletal interactions, and negative feedback to keep inflammation in check and support healthy tissue development and homeostasis. Throughout the text we highlight recent publications and reviews that illustrate key elements of myeloid-cell regulation and direct readers therein for a comprehensive bibliography.
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