Characterization of inositol lipid metabolism in gut-associated Bacteroidetes.

Characterization of inositol lipid metabolism in gut-associated Bacteroidetes.
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肠相关拟杆菌中肌醇脂质代谢的特征。

DOI:
10.1038/s41564-022-01152-6
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发表时间:
2022-07
影响因子:
28.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
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肌醇脂质在真核生物中普遍存在,并且在细胞信号传导和膜稳态中具有精细调节的作用。然而,在细菌中,肌醇脂质的产生相对较少。最近,据报道,著名的人类肠道细菌多形拟杆菌 (BT) 能够产生肌醇脂质和鞘脂,但其途径仍然不明确,且其普遍程度尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用基因组和生化方法,使用先前未描述的具有鞘脂合成诱导控制的菌株,研究了 BT 中肌醇脂质合成的基因簇。我们表征了从肌醇磷酸(MIP)合成到磷酸肌醇二氢神经酰胺的生物合成途径,确定了重组BT MIP合酶的晶体结构,并鉴定了负责将细菌来源的磷脂酰肌醇磷酸(PIP-DAG)转化为磷脂酰肌醇(PI-DAG)的磷酸酶。在体外,肌醇脂质产生的丧失改变了 BT 胶囊的表达和抗菌肽耐药性。在体内,肌醇脂质的损失降低了限生小鼠模型中的细菌适应性。我们确定了第二种假定的、先前未描述的细菌 PI-DAG 合成途径,无需 PIP-DAG 中间体,这在普雷沃菌属中很常见。我们的结果表明,肌醇鞘脂的产生在宿主相关拟杆菌中广泛存在,并且对共生具有影响。对人肠道拟杆菌中肌醇脂质产生的途径进行了表征,这些脂质对于荚膜表达和体外抗菌肽耐药性以及体内定植非常重要。
Inositol lipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and have finely tuned roles in cellular signalling and membrane homoeostasis. In Bacteria, however, inositol lipid production is relatively rare. Recently, the prominent human gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) was reported to produce inositol lipids and sphingolipids, but the pathways remain ambiguous and their prevalence unclear. Here, using genomic and biochemical approaches, we investigated the gene cluster for inositol lipid synthesis in BT using a previously undescribed strain with inducible control of sphingolipid synthesis. We characterized the biosynthetic pathway from myo-inositol-phosphate (MIP) synthesis to phosphoinositol dihydroceramide, determined the crystal structure of the recombinant BT MIP synthase enzyme and identified the phosphatase responsible for the conversion of bacterially-derived phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP-DAG) to phosphatidylinositol (PI-DAG). In vitro, loss of inositol lipid production altered BT capsule expression and antimicrobial peptide resistance. In vivo, loss of inositol lipids decreased bacterial fitness in a gnotobiotic mouse model. We identified a second putative, previously undescribed pathway for bacterial PI-DAG synthesis without a PIP-DAG intermediate, common in Prevotella. Our results indicate that inositol sphingolipid production is widespread in host-associated Bacteroidetes and has implications for symbiosis. The pathways responsible for inositol lipid production in human gut Bacteroides are characterized and these lipids are important for capsule expression and antimicrobial peptide resistance in vitro and colonization in vivo.
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发表时间: 2011-04
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影响因子: --
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