Current therapy of acute uncomplicated cystitis
Current therapy of acute uncomplicated cystitis
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急性单纯性膀胱炎的治疗现状
DOI：
10.1111/j.1442-2042.2010.02500.x
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
M. Nojima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shingo Yamamoto;Y. Higuchi;M. Nojima
急性单纯性膀胱炎是最常见的细菌性尿路感染之一。AUC经常发生在性活跃的年轻女性以及绝经后女性中。根据美国传染病学会1999年发表的指南，治疗AUC的标准抗菌方案是使用甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（TMP/SMX）3天;然而，由于出现了对TMP/SMX具有耐药性的泌尿病原体，目前最流行的抗生素是氟喹诺酮类。 氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性也在全球范围内增加，尽管耐药率没有TMP/SMX那么高。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）菌株是另一个问题，因为大多数医院ESBL生产者也对非β-内酰胺类药物（如氟喹诺酮类药物）耐药。在这种情况下，经验性治疗建议使用氟喹诺酮类药物治疗3天或β-内酰胺类药物治疗7天，尽管这些方案应在未来十年内重新评估。 由于可能出现耐药性，因此不应再使用低剂量氟喹诺酮类药物。
Acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) is one of the most common bacterial urinary tract infections. AUC frequently occurs in young sexually active, as well as postmenopausal, women. According to the guidelines published by the Infectious Diseases Society of America in 1999, the standard antimicrobial regimen for treatment of AUC is 3 days with trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX); however, today the most popular antibiotics are the fluoroquinolones because of the emergence of uropathogens that are resistant to TMP/SMX. Fluoroquinolone resistance is also increasing worldwide, although the resistance rates have not been as high as those for TMP/SMX. Extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing strains are another problem because most nosocomial ESBL producers are also resistant to non‐β‐lactams, such as the fluoroquinolones. Under such circumstances, 3 days of therapy with fluoroquinolones or 7 days with β‐lactams is recommended for empirical therapy, although these regimens should be re‐evaluated in the next decade. Low‐dose fluoroquinolones should no longer be used because of the potential for emergence of resistance.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
RAZ, R;STAMM, WE
通讯作者：
STAMM, WE